Discussion on Moving LOPA Analysis to Quantitative Bowtie Analysis
Layer of protection analysis(LOPA)is an integral part of process hazard analysis and engineering safeguard design.It extends techniques like hazard and operability study(HAZOP).It provides a formalized and quantified approach for understanding risks and semi-quantitative design criteria for safeguards.However,LOPA is constrained by the analytical model of"one cause,one consequence",which can lead to design deficiencies and overlook the consequences of multiple causes.Additionally,neglecting residual consequences will hinder the handling of mitigative safeguard measurements.Unified hazard assessment has combined HAZOP,LOPA,and bowtie analysis.The limitation of LOPA is solved.The results are communicated with graphical mode.The quantitative bowtie analysis technique derived from unified hazard assessment is introduced.It is expounded in detail on how to implement the technology to quantify the risks in scenarios with multiple causes and consequences.The concepts of mitigative safeguards and multi-causal scenarios are demonstrated through case studies.
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维普
