目的 探讨大面积脑梗死术后患者早期活动循证实践方案的构建与应用。 方法 选取2021年7月至2023年4月温州市中心医院收治的96例大面积脑梗死术后患者作为研究对象进行临床试验，采用随机数字表法分为对照组48例和观察组48例。对照组给予大面积脑梗死术后常规护理，观察组给予基于循证的系统化早期活动训练。2组均随访至患者出院1个月后。比较2组术后住院时间、住院费用，术后48 h的生命体征及疼痛情况，干预前及出院后7 d、1个月的日常生活能力、神经功能缺损评分和随访期间的并发症。 结果 对照组男29例，女19例，年龄43~67（56.87 ± 1.76）岁；观察组男31例，女17例，年龄43~68（57.02 ± 1.82）岁。观察组住院时间为（6.87 ± 0.65）d，对照组为（9.06 ± 0.72）d，2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=15.64，P<0.05）。术后48 h，观察组心率、呼吸频率及平均动脉压分别为（71.65 ± 0.45）、（14.76 ± 0.36）次/min和（76.98 ± 5.65）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa），与对照组的（82.76 ± 2.65）、（18.76 ± 2.87）次/min和（93.76 ± 5.93）mmHg相比差异均有统计学意义（t=28.64、9.58、14.19，均P<0.05）。出院后7 d观察组的日常生活能力评分和神经功能缺损评分分别为（84.65 ± 2.45）、（23.65 ± 2.65）分，与对照组的（79.76 ± 1.97）、（28.54 ± 2.73）分比较差异均有统计学意义（t=10.26、8.91，均P<0.05）。出院后1个月观察组的日常生活能力评分及神经功能缺损评分分别为（95.45 ± 1.43）、（18.65 ± 1.98）分，与对照组的（87.87 ± 1.39）、（21.54 ± 2.76）分相比差异均有统计学意义（t=26.33、5.90，均P<0.05）。观察组术后出血、术后感染、低氧血症等并发症发生率合计为20.83%（10/48），与对照组的68.75%（33/48）比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=22.28，P<0.05）。 结论 基于循证的系统化早期活动训练可显著缓解大面积脑梗死患者术后疼痛情况，提高患者日常生活能力及神经功能，有效缩短患者住院时间，并减少并发症的发生。 Objective To explore the construction and application of an evidence-based practice plan for early postoperative activity in postoperative patients with large area cerebral infarction. Methods Ninety-six postoperative patients with large area cerebral infarction admitted to Wenzhou Central Hospital from July 2021 to April 2023 were selected as the study subjects for a Clinical trial. They were divided into the control group (48 cases) and the observation group (48 cases) by random number table method. The control group received routine postoperative care for neurosurgery, while the observation group received evidence-based systematic early activity training. Both groups were followed up until 1 month after the patient was discharged from the hospital. The time of postoperative hospitalization, hospitalization expenses, vital signs and pain investigation 48 h after surgery, daily living ability before intervention and 7 d, 1 month after discharge, neurological function before intervention and 7 d and 1 month after surgery, and complications during follow-up between the two groups were compared. Results In the control group, there were 29 males and 19 females, with an average age of 43-67(56.87 ± 1.76) years. In the observation group, there were 31 males and 17 females, with an average age of 43-68 (57.02 ± 1.82) years. The postoperative hospital stay in the observation group was (6.87 ± 0.65) d, in the control group was (9.06 ± 0.72) d, the difference between them was significant (t=15.64, P<0.05). 48 hours after surgery, the heart rate, breathing rate and mean arterial pressure in the observation group were (71.65 ± 0, 45) times/min, (14.76 ± 0.36) times/min and (76.98 ± 5.65) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), which were different with those in the control group, (82.76 ± 2.65) times/min, (18.76 ± 2.87) times/min and (93.76 ± 5.93) mmHg (t=28.64, 9.58 and 14.19, all P<0.05). Seven days after discharge, the score of Activities of Daily Living and the National Institutes of Health Neurological Impairment Scale in the observation group were (84.65 ± 2.45) and (23.65 ± 2.65), which were different than the (79.76 ± 1.97) and (28.54 ± 2.73) in the control group (t=10.26, 8.91, both P<0.05). A month after discharge, the score of Activities of Daily Living and the National Institutes of Health Neurological Impairment Scale in the observation group were (95.45 ± 1.43) and (18.65 ± 1.98), while in the control group were (87.87 ± 1.39) and (21.54 ± 2.76), the difference between them were significant (t=26.33, 5.90, both P<0.05). The total incidence of complications such as postoperative bleeding, postoperative infection and hypoxemia in the observation group was 20.83% (10/48), which was significant lower than the 68.75% (33/48) in the control group (χ2=22.28, P<0.05). Conclusions Evidence-based systematic early activity training could significantly alleviate postoperative pain in patients with large area cerebral infarction after surgery, improve their daily living ability and neurological function, further effectively shorten their hospitalization time, and reduce the occurrence of complications.
Construction and application of an evidence-based practice plan for early activity in postoperative patients with cerebral infarction
Objective To explore the construction and application of an evidence-based practice plan for early postoperative activity in postoperative patients with large area cerebral infarction. Methods Ninety-six postoperative patients with large area cerebral infarction admitted to Wenzhou Central Hospital from July 2021 to April 2023 were selected as the study subjects for a Clinical trial. They were divided into the control group (48 cases) and the observation group (48 cases) by random number table method. The control group received routine postoperative care for neurosurgery, while the observation group received evidence-based systematic early activity training. Both groups were followed up until 1 month after the patient was discharged from the hospital. The time of postoperative hospitalization, hospitalization expenses, vital signs and pain investigation 48 h after surgery, daily living ability before intervention and 7 d, 1 month after discharge, neurological function before intervention and 7 d and 1 month after surgery, and complications during follow-up between the two groups were compared. Results In the control group, there were 29 males and 19 females, with an average age of 43-67(56.87 ± 1.76) years. In the observation group, there were 31 males and 17 females, with an average age of 43-68 (57.02 ± 1.82) years. The postoperative hospital stay in the observation group was (6.87 ± 0.65) d, in the control group was (9.06 ± 0.72) d, the difference between them was significant (t=15.64, P<0.05). 48 hours after surgery, the heart rate, breathing rate and mean arterial pressure in the observation group were (71.65 ± 0, 45) times/min, (14.76 ± 0.36) times/min and (76.98 ± 5.65) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), which were different with those in the control group, (82.76 ± 2.65) times/min, (18.76 ± 2.87) times/min and (93.76 ± 5.93) mmHg (t=28.64, 9.58 and 14.19, all P<0.05). Seven days after discharge, the score of Activities of Daily Living and the National Institutes of Health Neurological Impairment Scale in the observation group were (84.65 ± 2.45) and (23.65 ± 2.65), which were different than the (79.76 ± 1.97) and (28.54 ± 2.73) in the control group (t=10.26, 8.91, both P<0.05). A month after discharge, the score of Activities of Daily Living and the National Institutes of Health Neurological Impairment Scale in the observation group were (95.45 ± 1.43) and (18.65 ± 1.98), while in the control group were (87.87 ± 1.39) and (21.54 ± 2.76), the difference between them were significant (t=26.33, 5.90, both P<0.05). The total incidence of complications such as postoperative bleeding, postoperative infection and hypoxemia in the observation group was 20.83% (10/48), which was significant lower than the 68.75% (33/48) in the control group (χ2=22.28, P<0.05). Conclusions Evidence-based systematic early activity training could significantly alleviate postoperative pain in patients with large area cerebral infarction after surgery, improve their daily living ability and neurological function, further effectively shorten their hospitalization time, and reduce the occurrence of complications.
Cerebral infarctionEvidence-based nursingPlan construction
万方数据
