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人工智能与高新技术企业竞争力:机制与效应

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通过人工智能技术赋能制造企业的生产、运营过程,提升制造企业的知识化、智能化水平,是高新技术企业获得竞争优势的重要途径.文章从理论和实证两个方面分析了人工智能对高新技术企业竞争力提升的作用机制及效应.研究表明:人工智能提高了高新技术企业的成本加成率和全要素生产率,主要结论在稳健性检验后依然成立.异质性分析发现,人工智能对国有企业和经济不确定感知程度较高的高新技术企业的赋能效果更明显;同时,对处于低市场分割和实体经济基础较好地区的高新技术企业的赋能效果更明显.技术积累、员工结构优化、成本节约和效率提升是实现人工智能赋能高新技术企业竞争力的重要机制.研究结论对促进人工智能与高新技术制造业深度融合,实现经济高质量发展具有明显政策启示.
Artificial Intelligence and High-tech Enterprise Competitiveness:Mechanism and Effect
Empowering the production and operation processes of manufacturing enterprises through artificial intelligence(AI)technology and improving the knowledge and automation level of manufacturing enterprises is an important way for high-tech enterpri-ses to gain competitive advantages.This article theoretically and empirically analyzes the mechanism and effect of Al on enhancing the competitiveness of high-tech enterprises.The research shows that Al improves both markups and total factor productivity,and the main conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests.The heterogeneity analysis shows that AI has a more significant empowe-ring effect on competitiveness of state-owned enterprises and high-tech enterprises with higher economic uncertainty perception enter-prises.Also,the effect is more pronounced for high-tech enterprises in regions with low market segmentation and good physical eco-nomic foundation.Technology accumulation effect,employee structure optimization effect,cost saving effect and efficiency improve-ment effect are important mechanisms for empowering high-tech enterprises with AI.The conclusion has obvious policy implications for promoting the deep integration of Al and high-tech manufacturing,and achieving high-quality economic development.

artificial intelligencehigh-tech enterprisesmarkupsintelligent manufacturing

杜传忠、曹效喜、刘书彤

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南开大学经济与社会发展研究院,天津 300071

南开大学经济学院,天津 300071

人工智能 高新技术企业 成本加成率 智能制造

国家社会科学基金重大项目国家社会科学基金重点项目

20&ZD06719AZD015

2024

商业经济与管理
浙江工商大学

商业经济与管理

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.7
ISSN:1000-2154
年,卷(期):2024.(2)
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