Human Capital Expansion and Firms'Export Trade Mode:Evidence of Higher Education Reform Driving High-quality Development of Trade
The shift from indirect exports to direct exports is extremely important for the long-term development of export enterprises,and it is the key to China's achieving high-quality development of foreign trade.The study finds that the expansion of human capital has significantly increased the probability of enterprises for direct export,and promoted enterprises to choose more direct export trade methods.The channel test shows that the expansion of human capital can effectively increase the productivity of enterprises,alleviate financing constraints and reduce the fixed costs of exports of enterprises,thereby promoting enterprises to choose more direct export trade methods.The analysis of heterogeneity finds that the expansion of human capital has a greater effect on the direct export of private enterprises,small enterprises,labor-intensive enterprises,and enterprises in the eastern coastal areas.Finally,this article finds that human capital expansion promotes the transformation of enterprises from indirect exports to direct exports,and the transformation is also an important way for human capital expansion to enhance the domestic added value of enterprise exports and expand export scale.From the perspective of human capital expansion,this article reveals the driving factors of the transformation of enterprise export mode,which has certain reference value for understanding and deepening the reform of higher education and export transformation and upgrading.
human capitalexport trade modedirect exportindirect export
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