摘要
国家级创新创业教育实践基地作为高校实施创新创业教育的实践载体,在创新创业教育体系中发挥着重要作用.该文以100所国家级创新创业教育实践基地资料为研究对象,使用内容分析法探究不同类别高校基地的建设内容特点.结果显示综合类、理工类、职业类、特色类高校基地在建设内容特点上存在差异,并结合具体案例总结出依托优势平台、校企合作、结合特色产业三种基地建设模式,以期为高校创新创业教育提供新思路.
Abstract
[Objective]Colleges and universities play a crucial role in training innovative and entrepreneurial talents,serving as the foundation of the country's"Dual entrepreneurship"strategy and social and economic prosperity.In the current era of vigorous promotion of"mass entrepreneurship and innovation,"they are also the key to the Made in China 2025 initiative.In 2022,the Ministry of Education designated 100 universities as state-level practice bases for innovation and entrepreneurship education.These bases are practice carriers for innovation and entrepreneurship education and play invaluable roles in the innovation and entrepreneurship education system.Their content,educational method,construction mode,and results are undoubtedly advanced and leading,therefore deserving further investigation.[Methods]Therefore,with the help of content analysis,this paper explores the characteristics of the construction of different types of university bases based on data from national innovation and entrepreneurship education practice bases.First,the base information comes from the profiles of 100 bases collected by the"National Platform for Higher Education Intelligence Education"business support module,as well as the websites of the selected colleges and universities.Using"national innovation and entrepreneurship education practice base""innovation and entrepreneurship"and"innovation and entrepreneurship education"as the keywords and eliminating incomplete information and less relevant documents,186 official materials and university documents were obtained as research materials.Second,based on the"Notice on Carrying out the Construction of the National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Institutes and National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Practice Bases"(No.15,2022),the document"construction tasks"and the annex"national basic conditions of innovation and entrepreneurship education practice bases,"a three-level coding system.Finally,the text data are coded sentence-or paragraph-wise according to the existing coding system using the coding tool in NVivo12 plus software.A total of 701 encodings are performed,and a reference point is formed each time,extracting and comparing related topic nodes.[Results]The results show that different types of university bases have their own emphases.Comprehensive university bases focus on the unity of knowledge and practice,i.e.,the whole chain construction.The theoretical study-practical training-entity incubation will be bound to build a"staff-oriented,whole-process,and knowledge-practice complementary"base system.Bases in science and technology universities are good at multicooperation and resource coordination.They focus on scientific research and engineering practices,actively cooperate with relevant industries and enterprises in technology transfer and diffusion,transform technological innovations into practical products to meet social and economic needs,and promote industrialization and application of double-innovation results.Characteristic university bases attach importance to characteristic leadership and special creation fusion.To train students'professional innovation and entrepreneurial ability in this field,innovative entrepreneurship education and training courses related to characteristic disciplines are offered.The bases of vocational colleges are oriented toward regional industries and adapted to local conditions.Based on the local economic structure,industrial characteristics,and labor market demand,vocational skill training programs matching the local industry are established to train innovative and entrepreneurial talents.[Conclusions]On this basis,combined with the concrete case of base construction,the paper summarizes three base construction modes:relying on advantage platforms,cooperation between school and enterprise,and combining with characteristic industry.To provide new ideas for innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities,we should explore the base construction model that can be used for demonstration and reference to promote the development of innovation and entrepreneurship.
基金项目
2021-2023教育部高等学校机械基础课程教学指导委员会/教育部高等学校工程训练教学指导委员会教育科学研究立项项目(JJ-GX-JY202101)
河北省教育厅高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2022GJJG411)
河北省教育厅高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2023cxcy208)
万方数据