Design of low-oxygen experimental platform for simulating high-plateau airport evacuation
[Objective]When evacuating people during accidents in high-plateau environments,those affected by high-altitude reactions are prone to physical and cognitive problems,such as slow behavior and slow response,which affect their cognitive response and independent decision-making.Therefore,studying evacuation problems in a high-plateau environment is significant for a more efficient emergency evacuation.However,environmental variations such as altitude and oxygen concentrations in plateau areas are difficult to control,and large experimental costs make it difficult to conduct evacuation field tests.Therefore,a low-oxygen experimental platform was designed to simulate a high-plateau environment.[Methods]Through literature research and laboratory experiments,three control experimental schemes,an up-and-down step experiment,a 90 s running experiment,and a reaction ability experiment,were designed to simulate evacuation scenarios based on physiology and cognition.The control experiments were conducted on a low-oxygen experimental platform and a high-altitude field.Heart rate,blood oxygen levels,and reaction speed were collected as evaluation indices of physiological and psychological dimensions.Statistically,the differences in experimental data between the high-plateau field and low-oxygen experimental platform were compared.The experimental data of the three groups were tested for normality.To analyze the difference between the two groups,non-normally distributed experimental data were analyzed using the independent sample Mann-Whitney U test,while normally distributed experimental data were analyzed using the independent sample T-test.[Results]In the up-and-down step experiments,the progressive significance of the heart rate and blood oxygen levels obtained from the low-oxygen experimental platform and Lhasa Gongga Airport were 0.052 and 0.112,respectively,which were greater than the significance level(P = 0.05),and no significant difference was found between the two experimental results.In the 90 s running experiment,the progressive significance of the heart rate and blood oxygen levels obtained from the low-oxygen experimental platform and Lhasa Gongga Airport were 0.953 and 0.780,respectively,which were significantly greater than the significance level(P = 0.05).No significant difference was found between the two experimental results.In the reaction ability experiment,the T-test results had P-values of 0.211 and 0.204,which were>0.05.No significant difference was noted between the experimental results obtained in the high-altitude field experiment(Nyingchi Airport and Lhasa Gongga Airport)and the low-oxygen experimental platform simulation.[Conclusions]By integrating statistical ideas and analyzing datasets,the low-oxygen experimental platform can simulate the field environment of a high-plateau airport within a certain range of error tolerance based on the results of an up-and-down step experiment,90 s running experiment,and reaction ability experiment.The experimental platform can serve as a basic support for experimental research and innovation for man-machine safety and occupational health.
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