Design and analysis of a permanent magnet electromagnetic hybrid levitation control experiment based on COMSOL
[Objective]With the continuous development of rare-earth permanent magnetic material properties,NdFeB-based permanent magnetic materials with high remanence,high coercivity,and a high magnetic energy product have shown supermagnetic characteristics,which have substantially improved the load-bearing performance of permanent magnetic levitation systems.Thus,scholars have gradually applied permanent magnetic materials to the rail transportation field.In technological research and development,permanent magnet magnetic levitation technology and the device performance experiment and verification process often face high-risk,expensive,and inadequate field test conditions and other problems.[Methods]This study fully exploited the advantages of system software simulation based on the model experiment method of a similar theory,described the design of the vehicle parallel permanent magnet electromagnetic hybrid levitation structure,combined the numerical fitting means to construct a general expression for the permanent magnet electromagnetic hybrid magnetic field,focused on studying the role of the electromagnetic field and the role of the relationship between permanent magnetic fields,and designed a complete set of a magnetic levitation experimental system,including the control unit and the system simulation unit.Based on the engineering electromagnetic field theory and nonlinear finite element algorithm,the COMSOL multiphysics model developer was used to bridge data interaction,linking the system simulation unit(in the COMSOL developer)with the control unit(in the MATLAB developer).[Results]To explore the active control ability of an electromagnetic field and permanent magnetic field,an active control strategy based on the active disturbance rejection control(ADRC)algorithm was designed,and the control feasibility was verified by combining the electromagnetic levitation ball system and the permanent magnet electromagnetic hybrid levitation system.Under the multimodal model of two levitation structures(repulsion and adsorption),we analyzed the active action law of the electromagnetic field on the electromagnetic field of the permanent magnetic field,integrated the expert control mode into the ADRC algorithm,and constructed the variable parameter-based ADRC control method with the levitation position as the reference quantity,which effectively improved the response speed of the system,verified the feasibility of control algorithms,and provided a simulation prototype for further developing the design of a parallel hybrid levitation system and implementing the algorithm.[Conclusions]This study took the vehicle-carried parallel permanent magnet electromagnetic hybrid system as the object through the preliminary design of its theoretical aspects,combined with COMSOL multiphysics field simulation software and simulation control and analysis of the role of the electromagnetic field of the hybrid magnetic levitation system and the relationship between the permanent magnetic fields,the designed system simulation platform provided a convenient simulation tool for studying the system structure and control algorithm of permanent magnetic levitation technology and provided a more intuitive and systematic experimental platform for improving students'theoretical analysis and application design.For the study of magnetic levitation technology by undergraduate and graduate students,this experimental platform serves as entry-level platform support.
permanent magnet electromagneticCOMSOLfinite element cosimulationlevitation control
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