Experimental equipment and teaching application for soil sample preparation
[Objective]Existing soil sample preparation equipment is simple with low efficiency and cannot meet the needs of talent training.To address this problem and cultivate students'ability to innovate independently and solve practical engineering problems,a multistation integrated experimental equipment is designed,including screening,grinding,packing,tablet pressing,marking,and cleaning.[Methods]By investigating soil sample preparation and students'practical learning,the primary technical parameters of each module in soil sample preparation and the task arrangement of the students were determined.By analyzing the functions of each module in the sample preparation,a soil sample preparation experimental equipment with highly modular multiprocess integrated preparation technology was designed,and the process flow of the experimental equipment was studied.Through a team of engineering students,the allocation of screening,grinding,cleaning,and other modules and the principal design of self-selected modules were performed.The equipment's structure was designed according to the working principle of the module,and the equipment model was constructed using 3D modeling software,such as Solidworks.Engineering students can operate the equipment to simulate actual working conditions by importing the constructed model into the simulation software and optimizing and improving the model's structure in real-time by observing and analyzing the simulation results,which can not only improve work efficiency and soil sample quality but also exercise'students'thinking and practical abilities.Agricultural students can learn to assemble the soil sample preparation experimental equipment according to the process flow chart and study the influence of soil water content,screen shape,and eccentric block angle on soil sample screening efficiency by using a control variable method based on relevant theoretical knowledge.The experiments were performed,and the results were analyzed.Subsequently,a group of optimal experimental parameters was obtained.[Results]The results reveal the following:1)The screening efficiency first decreases and then increases with the increase in the water content.When the screening efficiency is the lowest,the corresponding water contents of loam,sand soil,and clay are 9.67%,11.09%,and 12.47%,respectively.2)The screening efficiency of the rectangular hole screen is superior to that of the round and square hole screens,i.e.,70.025%;3)The screening efficiency first increases and then decreases with the increase in the angle of the eccentric block.At a 45° angle,the screening efficiency is the highest at 40.25%;4)As an intersection between engineering and agricultural science,the soil sample preparation experimental equipment is mainly aimed at undergraduates and postgraduates majoring in mechanical engineering,mechanical design,manufacturing and automation,mechanical electronics engineering,and soil sciences,among others.It provides a good teaching environment for the comprehensive practice of mechanical majors and courses such as Principles and Methods of Mechanical Design and Introduction to Soil Sciences.[Conclusion]In summary,through the design,optimization,and experiment of the soil sample preparation equipment,the preparation efficiency of soil samples is improved,and the limitations of the preparation of the soil samples are addressed.In addition,applying the equipment to the teaching practice can improve the engineering practice ability and independent innovation ability of undergraduates and postgraduates.
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