Study on the preparation and performance of a whole biomass one-component intumescent flame retardant
[Objective]Based on the concept of"Teaching and researching integration,talents cultivation in scholarship,"the experimental program suitable for undergraduates of polymer materials and engineering is extracted from the scientific research projects being studied by the teachers in our college,and the exploratory experiment of the"Preparation and performance of one-component intumescent flame retardant from all-biomass"is designed in this study.[Methods]In the experiment,biomass materials in nature are selected as the primary raw materials,and a phosphorus-nitrogen-modified starch-based all-biomass one-component intumescent flame retardant is synthesized through esterification and ion-exchange reactions.Starch,phytic acid,and L-arginine are used as the carbon,acid,and gas sources,respectively.The flame retardant can be synthesized in the aqueous phase,employing a simple and green preparation method.The flame retardant is compatible with PLA materials and is an excellent reactive intrinsic flame retardant.The research results show that the flame retardant synthesized in this experiment can retard the thermal decomposition rate of PLA during combustion,with a high char formation rate and a continuous dense char layer,which can isolate the flammable gases and inhibit the decomposition of the PLA matrix.The flame retardant can also significantly increase the number of high-temperature molten droplets generated during the combustion of PLA to avoid secondary damage.[Results]The exploratory experiment closely integrates the scientific research project with the professional curriculum and is an important exploration to improve the experimental skills and innovation ability of the undergraduates of polymer materials and engineering.The experiment is clear in principle,reliable,with advanced methodology,and has a large scope for expansion.In addition,its application effect is remarkable in the teaching process of polymer materials'comprehensive experiments and innovative experiments courses.The experiment requires students to consult the literature,design the experimental formula and synthetic route according to the reaction principle,synthesize the flame retardant by using relevant experimental equipment,and prepare the samples of the PLA composite material.Various testing methods are used to investigate the structure and performance of flame retardants and PLA composites,and students can master and understand the flame-retardant mechanism and comprehensive performance of PLA composites by analyzing the experimental test data.During the experimental exploration,students work in groups to fully expand their thinking and stimulate their independent innovation consciousness and ability.This exploratory experiment involves professional knowledge in polymer formulation design,molding and processing,and performance testing,among others.By changing the type of biomass raw materials,adjusting the amount of flame retardant,adding additives,etc.,students can grasp the relationship and rules between the structure and performance of composite materials.[Conclusions]This exploratory experiment provides students with a deeper understanding and knowledge of the structure-activity relationship of materials and lays a solid foundation for the subsequent graduation thesis and future scientific research work.This experiment also meets the requirements of the"dual-carbon"strategy,enabling students to establish the concept of green manufacturing,form the value orientation of green development,and promote the green development of the polymer materials industry.
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