Design and implementation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor experimental platform based on FPGA
[Objective]Permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSMs)are widely used in industrial production and daily life owing to their high power density,precise control,and fast output response.Furthermore,the demand for higher functionality and performance for PMSMs in various applications steadily grows.A fully digital PMSM control system based on digital signal processing technology and high-performance control strategies is poised to become the prevailing trend.Traditional PMSM control relies on embedded processors such as ARM or DSP,where the control cycle for field-oriented control(FOC)can range from several microseconds to a few milliseconds,affecting response speed.To enhance PMSM performance and response speed,an experimental motor control platform based on FPGA has been developed.[Methods]The platform utilizes a three-phase,two-level inverter as the main circuit for motor control.The control loop is built around the processor,Xilinx XC7A75T,which includes peripheral circuits such as an analog-to-digital converter,network communication interface,encoder interface with RS485,and an inverter drive module.Employing the FOC algorithm,the experimental platform enables control of the PMSM.A selection switch allows convenient switching between position loop,speed loop,and torque loop control modes.The upper computer software developed for this platform offers four monitor channels,allowing students to observe any signal during experiments.The platform offers hardware and software support for students to deeply understand the working principles of PMSM.[Results]The experimental platform validates the linear relationship between the given electromagnetic torque and motor acceleration through the torque control experiments.This helps students understand the relationship between the given torque,load torque,and motor acceleration.In speed control experiments,the speed overshoot is less than 0.5％,and the speed feedback delay is less than 1 ms,underscoring the advantages of FPGA in terms of calculation speed and control accuracy.The platform introduces a simplified position control method appropriate for FPGA,leveraging its parallel processing capabilities.Considering the parallel processing capabilities of FPGA,the proposed method achieves position control by manipulating three signals:motor rotation direction,electronic gear ratio,and pulse sequence.Increasing the electronic gear ratio enhances position control precision.Position control experiments targeting an accuracy of 0.000036° validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.[Conclusions]The FPGA-based PMSM control experimental platform includes hardware and software design schemes,core functional circuit designs,and experimental validation.The platform successfully implements position,speed,and torque control for PMSM,aiding students'theoretical learning and application of PMSM.Furthermore,the platform serves as a valuable teaching tool for courses such as modern control theory,power electronics technology,and FPGA applications,facilitating effective integration among various professional courses.
permanent magnet synchronous motorFPGAexperimental platformdigital control
万方数据
维普
