摘要
为严格落实实验室安全管理制度、深化实验室安全管理文化,从源头上杜绝各类安全事故的发生,必须全面提高实验室管理者和实验人员的安全意识.该文详细介绍了某高校采用"校.院-室"三级安全管理体系,实行实验室安全违规积分管理制度,以"划定红线,违规扣分,强化学习"的方式促进实验室安全管理,通过分析运行情况及积分制实施效果,证明实验室安全违规积分管理制可以帮助实验室管理者和实验人员逐步提高安全意识.
Abstract
[Objective]In recent years,university laboratories,particularly those focused on chemistry and materials science,have experienced frequent safety accidents,drawing considerable social attention.Despite this,quickly rectifying the shortcomings in laboratory management within colleges and universities has proven challenging,and the overall safety status remains largely unchanged.Thus,establishing a robust laboratory safety management system and enhancing the safety awareness of teachers and students have become critical issues.This paper proposes the implementation of a Laboratory Safety Violation Points Management System to address inadequate system enforcement,thereby improving the management system and increasing safety awareness.[Methods]The violation points system is designed based on relevant laws,regulations,standards,and school policies.Points are assigned according to the severity of violations.Given the unique context of laboratory management in colleges and universities,financial penalties for teachers and students are not feasible.Instead,penalties involve mandatory safety training and temporary laboratory closures for rectification once a certain point threshold is reached.When a lab participant accumulates 12 points within a credit cycle,their lab access card will be withheld.Subsequently,they will be required to complete a laboratory safety course and pass an exam before regaining access to the lab.When a laboratory accumulates 60 points,it will be shut down and required to make rectifications.All personnel with access to the lab will also need to complete a laboratory safety training course.These measures aim to strengthen laboratory safety management and enhance safety awareness and responsibility among teachers and students.The college is responsible for record-keeping and assessment inspections and conducts special reviews of experimental safety points.The inspections,led by college leaders with full-time teachers and department heads as participants,are conducted monthly in teaching and research laboratories.In addition,a point-based inquiry system is developed to facilitate teachers and students to check their points status.[Results]Following two implementation cycles,the following findings were obtained:①the number of points deducted,total score of monthly inspections,and laboratory safety violations significantly decreased.This point-based system demonstrates substantial effectiveness in enhancing laboratory safety.②Examination and analysis of 48 teaching and research laboratories within the School of Materials reveal no major safety hazards or violations.Minor violations observed in undergraduate experimental teaching courses are promptly rectified following appropriate intervention.The management of hazardous chemicals,disposal of waste liquid and solid waste,and personnel safety in the scientific research laboratory are considerably improved,which can be attributed to the special and daily inspections conducted by the Ministry of Education and the experimental center.[Conclusions]Analysis of the operational status and effectiveness of the integrated system implementation reveals that introducing the laboratory safety management integrated system is an effective approach to enhance laboratory safety management.This system aids laboratory managers and experimenters in preventing and eliminating potential safety hazards during experiments,thereby fostering a gradual improvement in safety awareness.
基金项目
中国地质大学(北京)实验技术与应用教改项目(640123006)
维普
万方数据