水下卧式采油树在役工况安全风险分析
Risk Analysis of Deepwater Horizontal Christmas Tree in Operating Mode
任冠龙 1王宇 2孟文波 1张崇 1李舒展3
作者信息
- 1. 中海石油(中国) 有限公司湛江分公司
- 2. 中海油研究总院有限责任公司
- 3. 中国石油大学(北京)
- 折叠
摘要
深水油气生产对水下采油树系统的可靠性有着极高的要求.为保障我国首套国产化深水水下采油树在役生产工况下的安全运行,建立了改进型危险与可操作性分析法(HAZOP),将改进后的发生可能性和严重度等级划分及风险矩阵作为风险评判的依据,通过对油气生产过程、化学药剂注入过程以及水下控制系统电力/通信过程等3 个生产节点进行风险评价,得到水下采油树在役过程中的36 个中度风险点,并提出了相应措施;采用数值模拟方法,建立了水下采油树-井口系统力学模型,对系统在役过程中所受到的海流载荷、地震与腐蚀等风险进行分析.研究结果表明,水下采油树在各类工况下的最大应力在 20 MPa以下,最大弯矩在 0.3 MN·m以下,安全性满足生产要求;但在腐蚀后百年一遇海流及大于 6.5 级地震载荷下,系统最大弯矩超出极端环境许用值,安全性不能保障.所得结论可为我国水下采油树的应用提供指导,能够有效保障采油树服役期间的安全性.
Abstract
Deepwater oil and gas production requires highly reliable Christmas tree systems.China has devel-oped its first deepwater horizontal Christmas tree,and it is important to ensure this Christmas tree's safety in oper-ating mode.In this paper,an improved hazard and operability(HAZOP)study method was established.Based on the improved probability and severity classification and risk matrix,risk assessment was conducted for three pro-duction nodes(oil and gas production process,chemical injection process,and underwater control system power/communication process).Thus,36 moderate risk points in the operating mode were identified,and corresponding measures were proposed.Through numerical simulation,a mechanical model of the subsea christmas tree-wellhead system was established to analyze the risks(e.g.current load,earthquake,and corrosion)for the system in oper-ating mode.The results show that,in various operating modes,the subsea christmas tree exhibits the maximum stress below 20 MPa and the maximum bending moment below 0.3 MN·m,meeting the safety requirements.However,under the once-in-a-century ocean current after corrosion and earthquake loads greater than 6.5,the system has the maximum bending moment exceeding the allowable value in extreme environment,leading to uncer-tain safety.The research results provide guidance for application of China's first subsea christmas tree in safety manner during operation.
关键词
水下采油树/井口系统/在役工况/HZAOP/外部载荷/风险分析Key words
subsea christmas tree/wellhead system/operating mode/HZAOP/external load/risk analysis引用本文复制引用
基金项目
工信部高技术船舶科研项目(MC-201901-S01-02)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据