Effect of Soluble Solid Levels in Aqueous Extracts of Hericium erinaceus Fruit Bodies on the Physicochemical Properties and Immunological Activity of Ethanol Precipitated Polysaccharide
Hericium erinaceus fruit bodies (500 g fresh weight,water content 90%)were extracted for 2 h with 1.5 volumes of double-distilled water (100 ℃)and,after filtration,rotary evaporation was used to obtain solutions containing different concentrations of soluble solids (2.5,18.5 and 35°Brix).Nine crude polysaccharide fractions (20-1,20-2,20-3,50-1,50-2,50-3,70-1,70-2 and 70-3)were then obtained by precipitation with 20%,50% and 70% ethanol,respectively.Crude polysaccharide yields increased,and the polysaccharide content of the crude extracts decreased,with increasing soluble solid concentrations prior to ethanol precipitation. High-performance size-exclusion chromatography linked to multi-angle laser light scattering and refractive index detectors (HPSEC-MALLS-RI),and monosaccharide analysis,revealed that the soluble solid concentration of the aqueous extracts significantly affected the molecular distribution patterns,and the molar ratios of the monosaccharide components,of the precipitated polysaccharides. Lower soluble solid levels resulted in a significantly increased proportion of high molecular weight material in the crude polysaccharide precipitated with the same ethanol concentration.Crude polysaccharide precipitated with 20% ethanol was more effective in stimulating macrophages to release NO compared with material precipitated with 50% and 70% ethanol,and the stimulatory effect decreased with increasing soluble solid concentrations in the aqueous extracts before precipitation.
Hericium erinaceussoluble solidsgraded ethanol precipitationimmune activity in vitro
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