摘要
采用气相离子迁移谱(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy,GC-IMS)分别对硫黄鳞伞(Pholiota conissans)新鲜、冷冻干燥、热风干燥子实体的不同部位(菌盖、菌柄)挥发性成分进行对比分析.结果表明:不同干燥方式对硫黄鳞伞挥发性成分有影响;3种方式对菌盖、菌柄挥发性成分影响不同.从新鲜样品中共鉴定出挥发性成分48种,主要包括醋酸、多种醇类化合物及少量醛酮化合物等;冷冻干燥样品中共鉴定出挥发性成分78种,具有花果香气的醛酮类及酯类化合物含量较高;热风干燥样品中共鉴定出挥发性成分78种,包括多种醛、酮、酯类,以及甲苯、2-正丁基呋喃、柠檬烯、2-正戊基呋喃、苏合香烯等多种杂环化合物.采用相对气味活度值(relative odor activity value,ROAV)进行分析,RO AV≥1.00的挥发性化合物为关键风味成分,新鲜样品中关键风味成分主要有醋酸、3-辛醇、3-甲基-1-丁醇、乙醇、2-甲基丙醛、乙酸己酯等,菌盖、菌柄中ROAV较高的分别是醋酸、3-辛醇.在2种干燥样品中,关键风味成分主要有丁酸乙酯、3-甲基丁酸己酯、1-辛烯-3-醇、2-甲基丙醛、丁醛、壬醛、2-庚酮、二甲基三硫醚等;热风干燥样品中特有风味成分为(E)-2-辛烯醛、2-羟基苯甲醛、2-甲基-3-呋喃硫醇.
Abstract
Using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy(GC-IMS),volatile compounds in different parts(pileus and stipe)of fresh,freeze-dried and hot-air dried Pholiota conissans samples were analyzed and compared.The results showed that different drying methods affected volatile components in pileus and stipe of P.conissans.A total of 48 volatile compounds were identified in the fresh samples,including acetic acid,a variety of alcohols and a small amount of aldehydes and ketones.A total of 78 volatile compounds were identified in the freeze-dried samples,and the contents of aldehydes,ketones and esters with flower and fruit aroma were high.A total of 78 volatile compounds were identified in the hot-air drying samples,including aldehydes,ketones,esters,and heterocyclic compounds such as toluene,2-n-butyl furan,limonene,2-n-amyl furan,and threonene.Based on relative odor activity value(RO AV),volatile compounds with ROAV ≥ 1.00 were considered as key flavor components.Major key flavor components in fresh samples included acetic acid,3-octanol,3-methyl-1-butanol,ethanol,2-methylpropanal,and hexyl acetate.Acetic acid and 3-octanol showed the highest ROAV in fresh pileus and stipe,respectively.Major key flavor components in the two kinds of dried samples were ethyl butyrate,3-methyl-hexyl butyrate,l-octene-3-ol,2-methyl propanal,butanal,nonanal,heptan-2-one,and dimethyl trisulfide.The characteristic flavor components in hot-air dried samples were(E)-2-octenal,2-hydroxybenzaldehyde,and 2-methyl-3-furanethiol.
基金项目
湖南省农业种质资源普查保护利用项目(湘财农指[2021]37号)
维普
万方数据