摘要
采用机械压料装置,通过湿热塑形制备0.72、0.80(对照)、0.88、0.96、1.04 g·cm-3黑木耳(Auricularia heimuer)菌包,比较蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)屑为主料的不同培养料容重对菌丝生长速度、CO2释放和水分挥发强度、干物质分解利用、pH、电导率、胞外酶活性、木质纤维素含量和第一潮产量和性状的影响.结果表明:在实验范围内,与对照相比,容重最小(0.72 g·cm-3)时,侧面和垂直菌丝生长速度较快,干物质分解利用较多,体积消耗较少,pH较高,电导率较高,木质素、纤维素含量较高,出耳时间(8.00±1.00)d较短、耳片较长(8.93±1.29)cm、耳片较厚(0.39±0.09)mm、硬度(1.62±0.08)N和泡发率7.31±0.59较低;研究结果可为黑木耳培养料容重的选择提供参考.
Abstract
Using a mechanical pressing device,Auricularia heimuer cultivation substrate bags(Quercus mongolica sawdust as the major substrate component)of different bulk densities[0.72,0.80(CK),0.88,0.96,and 1.04 g·cm-3]were prepared through wet heat molding.Then the cultivation bags of the aforementioned densities were compared for mycelial growth rate,CO2 release,water volatilization intensity,dry matter consumption,pH,electrical conductivity,extracellular enzyme activities,lignocellulose content,the first-flush yield and agronomic traits of fruiting bodies.The results showed that in the experimental range,when the bulk density was 0.72 g-cm-3,the lateral and vertical mycelial growth rates were greater than those of the control.Compared with the control,the bulk density of 0.72 g·cm-3also resulted in higher consumption of dry matter,less volumetric reduction,higher pH,higher electrical conductivity,and higher contents of lignin and cellulose.The fruiting bodies developed on the substrate of 0.72 g·cm-3 showed short fruiting time[(8.00±1.00)d],long ear pieces[(8.93±1.29)cm],thick ear pieces[(0.39±0.09)mm],relatively low hardness[(1.62±0.08)N]and a low rehydration rate(7.31±0.59).The results provided a reference for selecting substrate bulk density in A.heimuer cultivation.
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