Dynamic Relationships Between Dikaryon and Monokaryon in Heterothallic Edible Fungi
Dikaryons and monokaryons are fundamental states in most heterothallic edible fungi.This review covers the versatility of dikaryons in edible fungi,the dynamic relationships between dikaryon and monokaryon,the formation of sexual and asexual monokaryons,and the unique biological phenomena of unmating and remating in these fungi.Through nuclear alternation and nuclear exchange,dikaryons and monokaryons can transition to each other via two pathways:genetic recombination and no recombination.Using mitochondrial donor as the equivalent of female,we also contemplates the roles of male and female played by dikaryons and monokaryons during mating in edible fungi.Genetic analyses of mating products from between dikaryons and monokaryons suggest different sexual roles between mating partners,with strong evidence for sexual selection such as male competition and female choice.Together,these results suggest that dikaryons and monokaryons in edible fungi may serve as ideal models from which to explore the origins and persistence of life history traits in fungi and beyond.
Edible fungidikaryonmonokaryonnuclear phase alternationsexual role
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