Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Aqueous Extract on Uric Acid Level and Renal Function of Rats with Hyperuricemia
Aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum was measured for contents of total sugar,reducing sugar,polysaccharide,protein,and nucleoside,and determined for its scavenging ability on DPPH and ABTS free radicals.Using the adenosine induced hyperuricemic L-O2 cell model,the effect of the G.lucidum aqueous extract on uric acid level in the culture medium was studied at low(0.25 mg·mL-1),medium(0.50 mg·mL-1)and high(1.00 mg·mL-1)doses,respectively.The G.lucidum aqueous extract was also studied for its in vivo effects on a rat model of hyperuricemia induced by potassium oxazinate combined with yeast extract at low(0.5 g·kg-1),medium(1.0 g·kg-1)and high(2.0 g·kg-1)doses by gavage,respectively.Mice in different groups were measured for xanthine oxidase activity in serum and hepatic tissues,uric acid level in serum and kidney tissues,serum creatinine level and serum urea nitrogen level.Hematoxylin eosin staining was used to observe renal and hepatic tissues and determine cell nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio.The results showed that clearance rate of the G.lucidum aqueous extract on DPPH was significantly higher than that against ABTS at 0.25,0.50,and 1.00 mg·mL-1.Compared with the control,the G.lucidum aqueous extract significantly reduced the uric acid content in the culture medium of L-O2 cells.Medium and high doses of the G.lucidum aqueous extract significantly decreased uric acid levels in serum,whereas the aqueous extract increased uric acid levels in kidney regardless of dose.Compared with the rat model group,the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio in renal cells was significantly decreased in the medium-dose and high-dose G.lucidum aqueous extract groups,and the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio in hepatic cells was significantly decreased in all three G.lucidum aqueous extract groups.The serum urea nitrogen level of the model rats was significantly decreased upon treatments by medium and high doses of the G.lucidum aqueous extract.The creatinine levels of all three G.lucidum aqueous extract groups were extremely significantly decreased compared with that of the model group.The xanthine oxidase activity in rat serum and hepatic tissue was also significantly decreased in the medium-dose and high-dose G.lucidum aqueous extract groups.These results provided a reference for the development of functional products from G.lucidum.
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