Technical Strategies in Cross Breeding of Edible Fungi(Ⅰ)
Cross breeding is an important approach in edible fungi breeding,but the practice of cross breeding involves many uncertainties.The author raises the notion of establishing a rational cross breeding system for edible fungi,and analyzes the technical strategies in this system from the following nine aspects:breeding goals,crossing concepts,core parental strains,crossing volume,crossing generations,variety pedigrees,variety series,crossing paths,and germplasm resources.A clear breeding goal is the No.l element of edible fungi breeding practice.Accurate understanding and correct application of cross breeding concepts are crucial for developing new varieties.The orderly inheritance of variety pedigrees is not only the result of extensive breeding practices but also the cornerstone of rational cross breeding.Core parental strains serve as the core material in cross breeding and thus are the key material element of rational cross breeding.Appropriate crossing volume and reasonable crossing combinations can increase the probability of obtaining superior hybrid offspring.Reasonable design of hybrid generations and the accurate judgment of crossing paths need breeder's deep understanding and precise control of breeding goals and breeding materials,facilitating enhancement of superior agronomic traits through genetic approaches such as gene recombination and reduction of genetic instability of hybrid offspring.A rich and diverse collection of varieties is the embodiment of fruitful achievements in cross breeding of edible fungi,showing adaptation to diverse cultivation environments and broad market demands.Rich and diverse germplasm resources are important materials for cross breeding,and their genetic diversity should be explored with emphasis.A rational cross breeding system for edible fungi not only can increase the certainty of breeding practices and the predictability of breeding results,but also provides a crucial reference for evaluating the effectiveness,outcomes and quality of cross breeding practices.
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