首页|Morphological complexity and azimuthal disorder of evolving pore space in low-maturity oil shale during in-situ thermal upgrading and impacts on permeability
Morphological complexity and azimuthal disorder of evolving pore space in low-maturity oil shale during in-situ thermal upgrading and impacts on permeability
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In-situ thermal upgrading is used to tune the pore system in low-maturity oil shales.We introduce fractal dimension(D),form factor(ff)and stochastic entropy(H)to quantify the heating-induced evo-lution of pore morphological complexity and azimuthal disorder and develop a model to estimate the impact on seepage capacity via permeability.Experiments are conducted under recreated in-situ tem-peratures and consider anisotropic properties-both parallel and perpendicular to bedding.Results indicate that azimuthal distribution of pores in the bedding-parallel direction are dispersed,while those in the bedding-perpendicular direction are concentrated.D values indicate that higher temperatures reduce the uniformity of the pore size distribution(PSD)in the bedding-parallel direction but narrow the PSD in the bedding-perpendicular direction.The greater ff(＞0.7)values in the bedding-parallel direction account for a large proportion,while the dominated in the bedding-perpendicular direction locates within 0.2-0.7,for all temperatures.The H value of the bedding-parallel sample remains stable at-0.925 during heating,but gradually increases from 0.808 at 25 ℃ to 0.879 at 500 ℃ for the bedding-perpendicular sample.Congruent with a mechanistic model,the permeability at 500 ℃ is elevated-1.83 times(bedding-parallel)and-6.08 times(bedding-perpendicular)relative to that at 25 ℃-confirming the effectiveness of thermal treatment in potentially enhancing production from low-maturity oil shales.
Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering(Ministry of Education),Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610065,Sichuan,China
School of Energy Resource,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing,100083,China
Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering,Pennsylvania State University,University Park,PA 16802,USA
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