15%azelaic acid gel for mild to moderate acne vulgaris:efficacy and safety
Objective To examine the efficacy and safety of 15%azelaic acid gel in mild to moderate acne vulgaris.Methods Thir-ty-three patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris were enrolled in a single-center,self-controlled study.15%azelaic acid was applied to the entire face twice a day for 8 weeks.All patients were followed up at week 0,2,4 and 8,and the count of inflammatory and non-in-flammatory facial acne lesions and the skin biophysical parameters(stratum corneum water content,transepidermal water loss(TEWL),pH value and sebum secretion rate)were measured.The IGA score assessed by doctors,patients'self-assessment and adverse effects were also collected.Results Of the 33 patients,three were lost to follow-up and 30 patients completed the study.Compared with baseline,non-in-flammatory lesion count was reduced by 17.1%at week 2(P<0.05).At week 8,non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesion counts were re-duced by 46.4%and 34.3%,respectively(P<0.05).IGA scores continuously decreased with the usage of the testing product(P<0.05),and 96.4%patients achieved varying degrees of improvement at the end of follow-up.The TEWL and pH values were lower than baseline at weeks 2,4,and 8(P<0.05),while the stratum corneum water content and sebum secretion rate showed no significant changes compared with baseline(P>0.05).Some patients experienced mild itching,burning and stinging sensation at the early stage of usage,which alleviated or resolved after prolonged usage,and no patient withdrew from the study due to adverse reactions.Conclusion 15%azelaic acid can rapidly and effectively reduce acne lesions,especially for non-inflammatory lesions with less irritation,and can be used as an adjunctive treatment for mild to moderate acne vulgaris.
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