Research on bitcoin blockchain attacked by quantum algorithm
The blockchain technology based on bitcoin as the core trading currency is distributed in a decentralized P2P network.In recent years,it has shown vigorous vitality and great development prospects in markets such as medical,financial,and intelligent manufacturing.However,the continuous development and progress of quantum technology has had a great impact on the security performance of the blockchain.Firstly,this paper expounds the dependence of PoW(proof of work)consensus algorithm on hash function in bitcoin network and the working principle of digital signature ECDSA(elliptic curve digital signature algorithm)encryption algorithm in transaction.Then,we analyze the attack mechanism of two kinds of potentially threatening quantum algorithms-Grover's algorithm and Shor algorithm on bitcoin blockchain,and conclude that Grover algorithm can quickly solve the SHA256 hash function in PoW,which is expected to be broken in the future.The Shor's algorithm can derive the private key from the public key information in the ECDSA encryption algorithm,thereby stealing the transaction results.Finally,this paper lists several improved algorithms to deal with quantum attacks.
bitcoinblockchainquantum attacksproof of work(PoW)digital signature
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