Objective To evaluate the risk of pesticide residues in cucurbit vegetables in Guizhou Qiandongnan Prefecture.Methods LC-MS and GC-MS was used for determination of residues of the level of 50 pesticide residues in cucurbit vegetable samples collected randomly from Guizhou Qiandongnan Prefecture.Results It showed that Pesticide residues were detected in 15 samples of 100 cucurbit vegetables,8 pesticides were detected,20 times in total,The average value of food safety index in cucurbit vegetables related to pesticide residues did not exceed the national maximum residue limit in Guizhou Qiandongnan Prefecture.Conclusion Our findings suggest that the potential hazard level of pesticide residues in cucurbit vegetables in Guizhou Qiandongnan Prefecture is acceotable.