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高校实验室安全事故人为因素及其影响路径分析

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为了通过人因分析与分类系统模型从组织影响、不安全的监督、不安全行为的前提条件和不安全行为4个层面探究高校实验室安全事故的关键人因及其影响路径.对90起高校实验室事故(2000-2022年)进行统计分析,并运用卡方检验和让步比探讨了产生不安全行为的原因和各层次间的内在联系.结果表明:组织过程简单、监督不充分、个人因素、技能失误和习惯性违规是导致高校实验室事故发生的重要因素;模型中高低层级的人为因素间存在显著的因果关系,且主要的实验室事故致因路径共有16条.根据各层级事故致因形式,剖析了针对性的高校实验室事故的影响过程.
Analysis of Human Factors of Laboratory Safety Accidents in Universities and Their Influence Paths
In order to explore the key human factors of college laboratory accidents and their influence pathways,90 college laboratory accidents(2000 to 2022)were analyzed at four levels:organizational influences,unsafe supervision,prerequisites for unsafe behaviors,and unsafe behaviors,by using the human factors analysis and classification system model.The chi-square test and odds ratio test were used to explore the causes of unsafe behaviors and the intrinsic links between the levels.The results show that organizational processes,poor supervision,personal factors,skill failures,and habitual violations are important factors leading to accidents in university laboratories.There are obvious causal relationships between high level and low level human factors in the model,and there are 16 main pathways leading to laboratory accidents.Finally,the influence process of university laboratory accidents is analyzed in a targeted way according to the causes of accidents at each level.

university laboratoriesaccidentsHFACSchi square testodds ration

王维、马麟

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北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院,北京 100124

北京工业大学新型功能材料教育部重点实验室,北京 100124

高校实验室 事故 人因分析与分类系统(HFACS) 卡方检验 让步比

2024

实验室研究与探索
上海交通大学

实验室研究与探索

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.69
ISSN:1006-7167
年,卷(期):2024.43(7)