In marine seismic exploration,obtaining accurate air-gun source wavelets is of great significance for high-resolution processing and source quality monitoring.To address the problem that existing algorithms of air-gun source wavelet simulation cannot fully consider the real-time state of the air gun,leading to great differences between the simulated wavelet and the actual situation,a method is proposed to simulate the far-field wavelets of air-gun sources in the frequency domain based on the near-field hydrophone signals.Some internal and external factors taken into account involve hydrophone sensitivity measured by using single-gun excitation tests,relative bubble motion cal-culated by using bubble upward-floating timing tests and real-time navigation data of gun array,as well as ghost reflections from sea sur-face.The impact and applicability of these factors on the simulation results are also tested.Compared with the conventional method for wavelet simulation based on source design parameters,the far-field wavelet with high fidelity simulated using the proposed method can re-flect the real excitation state of an air-gun source.The simulated wavelet can be used for seismic wavelet processing to mitigate bubble effect and improve seismic resolution significantly,which is of great practical significance.
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