渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷陆相断陷湖盆中-低成熟度页岩"富烃-成储-富集-高产"的理论认识与开发实践

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中文摘要：渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷页岩油资源丰富,初步估算资源量超100×108 t,分析、研究、总结页岩油形成、富集和高产理论认识对指导页岩油勘探开发都具有重要意义.通过系统研究济阳坳陷古近系沙河街组四段(沙四)上亚段和沙河街组三段(沙三)下亚段2套主力页岩油层系有机质形成与演化特征以及页岩油富集与可动规律,提出了济阳陆相断陷湖盆中-低成熟度页岩"富烃-成储-富集-高产"的理论认识.研究表明:济阳陆相断陷湖盆页岩具有高有机质丰度和中-低成熟度特征,页岩为高生烃潜力和低成烃活化能的优质烃源岩.济阳坳陷沙河街组页岩沉积期,咸化水体中嗜盐菌藻等类脂类化合物发育,有机质古生产力高、富硫有机相成烃活化能低且生烃转化率高.生、排烃早,镜质体反射率(Ro)值约0.65%时游离油量达到峰值.富有机质层与多孔纹层高频互层、有序分布,源-储配置好.洼陷带低级序断层未打破厚层页岩层系自封闭性,页岩层系普遍高压.页岩油层系多为纹层状富碳酸盐页岩和纹层状混积页岩2大类岩相.这2类岩相具有"纹层控油富集、缝网控油流动"的优质页岩油甜点特征,纹层组合控制了储集空间的发育和分布.多尺度、多类型基质微缝与压裂缝网的空间耦合,构成了页岩天然-人工多级缝网叠加的高效渗流系统,纹层框架下页岩具有"满层皆油"的富集特征.

外文标题：Medium-to-low maturity shales in the faulted lacustrine basin in Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay Basin:Theoretical understanding of their hydrocarbon generation,reservoir formation,and shale oil enrichment and high-yield nature and exploitation practices

外文摘要：The Jiyang Depression in the Bohai Bay Basin boasts abundant shale oil resources,with a preliminary estimate of over 10 billion t.Analyzing,investigating,and summarizing theories on the formation,enrichment,and high-yield nature of shale oil are significant for guiding shale oil exploration and production efforts in this region.We systematically examine the formation and evolutionary characteristics of organic matter,as well as the enrichment and mobility of shale oil,in two major shale oil-bearing sequences in the Jiyang Depression:the upper submember of the 4th member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation(also referred to as the Sha 4 Member)and the lower submember of the 3rd member of the Formation(also referred to as the Sha 3 Member).Accordingly,the theoretical understanding of the hydrocarbon generation,reservoir formation,and shale oil enrichment and high-yield nature of middle-to-low maturity shales is proposed for the faulted lacustrine basin in the depression.The results indicate that shales in this basin exhibit a high abundance of organic matter and medium-to-low maturity during deposition.These characteristics establish the shales as high-quality source rocks with high hydrocarbon-generating potential and low activation energy for hydrocarbon generation.During the deposition of shales in the Shahejie Formation within the Jiyang Depression,lipoid compounds such as halophilic bacteria and algae were present in saline water bodies,resulting in the high paleoproductivity of organic matter,low activation energy for hydrocarbon generation in sulfur-rich organic facies,and high hydrocarbon conversion rate.Additionally,the depositional period of the shales was marked by early hydrocarbon generation and expulsion,with the free oil content peaking at a vitrinite reflectance(Ro)value of approximately 0.65%.The organic-rich layers and porous laminae,frequently interbedded,display regular distributions and a favorable source-reservoir configuration.The thick shale sequences generally exhibit high pressure as their self-sealing performance remains undestroyed by low-order faults in the sub-sag zone.The shale oil-bearing sequences largely consist of laminated carbonate-rich shales and laminated mixed shales.Both types of lithofacies exhibit the characteristics of high-quality shale oil sweet spots,as evidenced by shale oil enrichment governed by laminae and shale oil flow influenced by fracture networks,with the lamina assemblages determining the distribution of reservoir spaces.The spatial coupling of multi-scale and multi-type matrix microfractures with induced fracture networks forms an efficient seepage system with superimposed natural and artificial multi-scale fracture networks in shales.Consequently,the shales demonstrate oil enrichment throughout all shale sequences of the laminated framework.

外文关键词：

hydrocarbon generation-accumulation-flow characteristicslaminated lithofacies assemblageshale oil developmentmedium-to-low maturity shaleShahejie FormationJiyang DepressionBohai Bay Basin

作者：

倪良田、杜玉山、蒋龙、孙红霞、程紫燕、刘祖鹏、钟建华、曹增辉、马存飞

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作者单位：

中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院,山东东营 257015

页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室,北京 102206

东北大学秦皇岛分校资源与材料学院,河北秦皇岛 066004

中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛 266580

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关键词：

生烃-成储-流动特征纹层类岩相组合页岩油开发中-低成熟度页岩沙河街组济阳坳陷渤海湾盆地

基金：

中国石油化工集团公司重点科技项目中国石油化工集团公司重点科技项目国家自然科学基金项目国家自然科学基金项目

项目编号：

P21060P220374207213841572088

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.11743/ogg20240515

石油与天然气地质

中国石油化工股份公司石油勘探开发研究院,中国地质学会石油地质专业委员会

石油与天然气地质

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：2.798

ISSN：0253-9985

年,卷(期)：2024.45(5)