Clinical value of transcranial Doppler foam test combined with transthoracic echocardiography in screening for cryptogenic stroke caused by patent foramen ovale
Objective To explore the clinical value of transcranial Doppler foam test(c-TCD)combined with transthoracic echocardiography contrast acoustics(c-TTE)in screening for cryptogenic stroke(CS)caused by patent foramina ovale(PFO).Methods One hundred and sixty-nine with CS underwent the examination of c-TCD and c-TTE.The role of c-TCD and c-TTE alone and in combination on PFO positive detection and diagnostic efficacy of PFO as well as right-to-left shunt(RLS)levels was analyzed.Results Compared with c-TCD,the resting positive rate of the combination detection was higher(P<0.05).Compared with c-TTE,both resting and Valsalva positive rates of the combination detection were higher(P<0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of combined diagnosis of PFO were higher than that of c-TCD and c-TTE alone(P<0.05).Compared with c-TCD,the detection rate of RLS 0 and I levels was decreased while the detection rate of RLS Ⅱ and Ⅲ levels was increased(P<0.05).Compared with c-TTE,the detection rate of RLS Ⅲ level by the combination detection was increased(P<0.05).Conclusions c-TCD combined with c-TTE diagnosis can improve the detection rate of PFO in CS patients and the detection rate of middle to high levels of PFO-RLS.It also improves the diagnostic efficiency of PFO.
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