Phyllanthus urinaria L.is commonly used in clinical treatment of cancer,its effective parts include water extract,alcohol extract,P.urinaria alkaloid,P.urinaria polysaccharide and so on.In addition to significant anti-cancer effects of liver cancer,lung cancer,stomach cancer and breast cancer,P.urinaria also has anti-virus,anti-oxidation,antibacterial,anti-in-flammatory and other pharmacological effects.Combining with the results of recent five years,this paper P.urinaria effective parts and pharmacological action were analyzed,and puts forward Suggestions for the future research on P.urinaria,to reflect the latest research achievements P.urinaria,as P.urinaria provides the theory basis for clinical application,also provide a reference for the next work.