首页|师德失范行为惩处权的法律规制

师德失范行为惩处权的法律规制

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如何将师德失范行为惩处权的行使纳入法治轨道,实现师德惩处权的合法与正当行使,关乎教师权利的法律救济和保障.师德失范行为的本质是教师违反职业规范的行为,此类行为的基本特征是有损教师作为教育专业人员的专业尊严.师德失范行为的惩处机制既包括从业禁止、撤销教师资格等行政处罚,也包括行政处分以及其他处理措施.相应地,教师违反职业规范行为所产生的法律效果是多元的,既包括行政法律责任,也涉及民法乃至刑法上的责任.师德失范行为惩处权作为一种特殊的社会公权力,其法律规制应遵循法律保留原则、正当程序原则、不当联结禁止原则、比例原则以及自主治理原则等公法基本原则.将师德失范行为的惩处权纳入法律规制,关键在于健全教师权利的法律救济制度,厘清司法审查介入师德失范行为治理争议案件的范围及其强度,保障教师作为公民以及教育专业人员的权利.
Legal Regulation on the Punishment Power of Teacher's Moral Anomie
How to incorporate the exercise of the right to punish misconduct in teacher ethics into the legal track,and achieve the legitimate and rightful exercise of the right to punish teacher ethics,is related to the legal relief and protection of teacher rights.The essence of a teacher's moral anomie is that teachers violate professional norms,and the basic characteristic of such behaviour is that it undermines the professional dignity of teachers as education professionals.The punishment mechanism for a teacher's moral anomie includes administrative penalties such as prohibition of employment and revocation of teacher qualifications,as well as administrative sanctions and other handling measures.Correspondingly,the legal effects of teachers violating professional norms are diverse,including administrative legal responsibilities,as well as responsibilities in civil law and even criminal law.As a special social power,the legal regulation of the power to punish misconduct in teacher ethics should follow the basic principles of public law,such as the principle of legal reservation,the principle of due process,the principle of prohibition of improper connection,the principle of proportionality,and the principle of autonomous governance.The key to incorporating the punishment power for misconduct in teacher ethics into legal regulations is to improve the legal relief system for teacher rights,clarify the scope and intensity of judicial review intervention in disputes over the governance of misconduct in teacher ethics,and safeguard the rights of teachers as citizens and educational professionals.

anomie behaviour of teachers'moralityeducation professionalsprofessional dignitypunishment of teacher ethicslegal remediesTeachers Law

姚荣

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华东师范大学 高等教育研究所,上海 200062

师德失范行为 教育专业人员 专业尊严 师德惩处 法律救济 教师法

2024

苏州大学学报(教育科学版)

苏州大学学报(教育科学版)

CSSCI北大核心
ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.12(3)