Exploring the role and biological effects of Huatan Huoxue Tongluofang on lipid biomark-ers of atherosclerosis based on LC-MS lipidomics approach
Objective To investigate the effect of Huatan Huoxue Tongluofang(QF)on blood lipids in atherosclerotic(As)mice and its potential lipid biomarkers.Methods High-fat diet fed ApoE-/-male mice were fed for 18 weeks to establish an As mod-el,and after four weeks of treatment with QF,lipid levels were analyzed biochemically;hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was performed to observe aortic and liver tissue damage;liver lipid profiles were established by determining lipid markers of As based on high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry(LC-MS).Orthogonal partial least squares dis-criminant analysis(OPLS-DA)was performed for biomarker screening.metabolic pathway annotation by KEGG database was performed to characterize potential lipid biomarkers and biological effects in QF-treated AS mice.Results Compared with the NC group,total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were increased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was decreased in the model group.In comparison to the model group,TG,TC and LDL levels were decreased and HDL levels were increased in each of the doing groups,and the differences were found to be statis-tically significant.A total of 509 potential biomarkers of As were identified by LC-MS lipidomics,and the QF was able to reverse 99 of these biomarkers to induce the body to return to normal trend,mainly belonging to triacylglycerol(TG),phosphatidyle-thanolamine(PE),diacylglycerol(DG),phosphatidylcholine(PC),prostaglandin(PG),sphingomyelin(SM),cardiolipin(CL),phosphatidylinositol(PI),phosphatidylserine(PS)and ceramide(Cer),cardiolipin(CL),phosphatidylinositol(PI),phosphatidylserine(PS),and ceramide(Cer),which are regulated by glycerophospholipid metabolism,sphingolipid metabo-lism,linoleic acid metabolism,α-linolenic acid metabolism,glycerol ester metabolism,and arachidonic acid metabolism path-ways,respectively.Conclusion The QF may improve As by regulating lipid pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism.
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