An Analysis of the Causal Relationship Between Family Cultural Capital and the Participation in Private Tutoring of Students in Compulsory Education
Based on the data from the Chinese family dynamics tracking survey,this study investigates the causal relationship between parental education level and the participation of students in private tutoring during compulsory education through the instrumental variable probit model.Research has found that students from families with parents of higher education levels are more inclined to attend the private tuto-ring and acquire the private tutoring resource,which may exacerbate educational inequality.The govern-ment should face the compensatory needs of the people,especially vulnerable groups,for private tutoring.It should not only provide high-quality tutoring training services for students from disadvantaged families,but also ensure that they enjoy fair and high-quality school education resources.