Research on Demodulation of Fault Characteristics of Axle Box Bearing for High-speed EMUs Under Wheel-rail Interference
李伟 1徐文海 1杜昭童 1曾孝东 1弓世贤 2田瑞兰3
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作者信息
1. 中车成都机车车辆有限公司,四川 成都 610051
2. 石家庄铁道大学 机械工程学院,河北 石家庄 050043
3. 河北省工程力学基础学科研究中心,河北 石家庄 050043
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摘要
针对希尔伯特变换无法在轮轨激扰下实现轴箱轴承故障信息识别的缺陷,提出使用高阶频率加权能量算子(High-Order Frequency-Weighted Energy Operator,HFWEO)对轴箱轴承故障冲击进行识别的新方法.首先,通过高速动车组单轴滚动振动试验台进行了轮轨激扰下轴箱振动信号的采集,并对轴箱振动特性进行了分析,得出轮对踏面损伤产生的轮轨激扰主要位于1 kHz以下的低频部分,而轴承故障冲击主要位于1 kHz以上高频的部分;然后,通过公式推导分析了HFWEO的解调特性,并讨论了HFWEO的信号干扰比(Signal-to-Interference Ratio,SIR)随HFWEO阶次变化的规律,证明高阶频率加权能量算子可在轮轨激扰下实现轴箱轴承的故障诊断;最后,将HFWEO应用于轮轨激扰下的轴箱轴承故障数据分析,验证了HFWEO解调方法的有效性与优越性.
Abstract
In view of the inability of the Hilbert transform to realize the identification of axlebox bearing fault under wheel-rail interference,a new method of identifying axlebox bearing fault using the High-Order Frequency-Weighted Energy Operator(HFWEO)is proposed.Firstly,use the single-axle vibration test bench for high-speed EMU to collect the vibration signal from the axle box under the wheel-rail interference and analyze the vibration characteristics of the axle box.This indicates that the wheel-rail interference caused by the damage to the wheelset tread is mostly in the low-frequency part of the spectrum,while the bearing impact is mostly in the high-frequency part of the spectrum.Subsequently,the demodulation characteristics of HFWEO are analyzed through formula derivation,and the variation of Signal-to-Interference Ratio(SIR)with HFWEO order is discussed.This demonstrates that the higher-order frequency-weighted energy arithmetic can be utilized for axlebox bearing fault diagnosis under wheel-rail interference.Finally,HFWEO is applied to the analysis of axlebox bearing fault data under wheel-rail interference,which validates the efficacy and its superiority.
关键词
高速动车组/轴箱轴承/轮轨激扰/故障诊断/高阶频率加权能量算子
Key words
high-speed EMU/axle box bearing/wheel-rail interference/fault diagnosis/high-order frequency-weighted energy operator
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