高速列车尾涡结构直接影响尾车气动特性.本文采用数值模拟方法,以两车编组动车组为模型,研究高速列车尾车10.0、12.5、15.0 m 3种流线型长度对尾涡特性的影响,分析列车阻力、侧向力、升力、倾覆力矩等气动参数以及尾车后方测点压力的变化规律,对比尾部流场特性.研究结果表明,流线型长度对列车气动性能和尾涡特性具有显著影响;增加流线型长度有效降低尾车阻力、侧向力、升力和倾覆力矩,改善了尾车气动特性;随着尾车流线型长度的增加,尾车后方的压力波动和湍动能强度减弱,尾流区气流更加平顺,提高了列车运行稳定性.
Influence of Streamlined Tail's Length on Wake Vortex Characteristics of a High-Speed Train
The wake vortex structure of high-speed train directly affects the aerodynamic characteristics of the tail car.In this study,the numerical simulation method was used to investigate the effects of three streamlined lengths of 10.0 m,12.5 m,and 15.0 m on the vortex characteristics of the tail car of a two-car grouping high-speed train.The changes were analyzed in aerodynamic parameters such as the aerodynamic drag,side force,lift force,and overturning moment,as well as the pressure characteristics at the measurement point behind the tail car,The wake flow fields of the tail car were also compared.The results show that the streamlined length has a significant impact on the aerodynamic performance and vortex characteristics of the train.Increasing the streamlined length effectively reduces the aerodynamic drag,side force,lift force,and overturning moment of the tail car,and improves its aerodynamic characteristics.As the streamlined length of the tail car increases,the pressure fluctuations and turbulent kinetic energy intensity behind it decrease,and the airflow in the wake region becomes smoother,thus improving the stability of the train.
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