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地铁用e型弹条异常断裂原因分析

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材质为 60Si2Mn的某e型弹条进行疲劳试验时,当循环次数仅为 60 万次时发生断裂.为查找断裂原因,对e型弹条断裂处的形貌、能谱、金相组织、硬度和化学成分等进行分析.分析结果表明:由于弹条原材料表面存在拉伤沟和夹杂物,在疲劳试验过程中受高应力交变载荷的作用,在弹条拉伤沟处产生应力集中,并逐渐形成微裂纹.同时,由于回火马氏体的存在,导致形变过程中产生位错塞积,形成高应力区,加快裂纹扩展,最终导致弹条在较短时间内断裂.
When the number of cycles reaches 600 000,an e-shaped spring rod made of 60Si2Mn breaks in the fa-tigue test.In order to find out the cause of break,the morphology,energy spectrum,metallographic organization,hard-ness and chemical composition of the e-shaped spring rod at the place of break are analyzed.Analysis results show that:due to there are pulling grooves and inclusions on the surface of the raw material of the spring rods,in the fatigue test process by the role of high stress alternating load,stress concentration is produced at the grooves of the spring rods,and microcracks is gradually formed.At the same time,tempered martensite is presented which leads to disloca-tion pile-up during the deformation process and the formation of a high stress zone.This accelerates the crack expan-sion and eventually leads to the fracture of the spring rod in a relatively short time.

Metro Linee-shaped Spring RodFatigue FracturePhysical and Chemical Test

杨俊峰、郑霏、王灵水、陈亚涛

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中船双瑞(洛阳)特种装备股份有限公司,河南 洛阳 471023

地铁线路 e型弹条 疲劳断裂 理化检验

2024

铁道技术监督
铁道科学研究院

铁道技术监督

影响因子:0.244
ISSN:1006-9178
年,卷(期):2024.52(2)
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