首页|变转速工况下基于快速谱平均峭度图的列车轮对轴承故障诊断

变转速工况下基于快速谱平均峭度图的列车轮对轴承故障诊断

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由于受到轮轨激励的干扰,轮对轴承故障特征易被背景噪声所淹没,且在变转速模式下故障特征具有时变性,进一步加剧了提取难度.为此,提出一种基于快速谱平均峭度图的列车轮对轴承故障特征提取方法.根据频谱趋势将频谱划分为若干子带,采用Meyer小波构造带通滤波器,计算每个窄带滤波信号的平均峭度并构造快速谱平均峭度图;选取最优频带进行解调,消除背景噪声的影响;通过相位函数对滤波信号进行迭代广义解调,解决时变故障冲击间隔带来的频谱模糊问题.仿真和试验分析结果表明所提方法有效克服了强背景噪声和时变故障特征的干扰,为变转速工况下轮对轴承故障特征提取提供了新的解决策略.
Fault Diagnosis of Train Wheelset Bearings Based on Fast Average Kurtogram under Variable Speed Conditions
Due to the interference of wheel-rail excitation,wheel-set bearing fault characteristics are easily submerged by background noise.The time-varying fault characteristics in variable speed mode further aggravate the difficulty of extrac-tion.For this purpose,a fault feature extraction method for train wheelset bearings was proposed based on the fast spec-tral average kurtogram.By dividing spectrum into several sub-bands according to the spectral trend,and using the Meyer wavelet to construct a band-pass filter,the average kurtosis of each narrowband filtered signal was calculated and a fast spectral average kurtogram was constructed.Based on the selection of the optimal frequency band for demodulation to eliminate the influence of background noise,the iterative generalized demodulation of the filtered signal was carried out by phase function to solve the spectrum ambiguity caused by time-varying fault impact intervals.The simulation and ex-perimental analysis results show that the proposed method effectively overcomes the interference of strong background noise and time-varying fault features,and provides a new solution strategy for wheel-set bearing fault feature extraction under variable speed conditions.

wheelset bearingfault diagnosisvariable speedaverage kurtosisiterative generalized demodulation

刘文朋、杨绍普、刘泽潮、刘永强、顾晓辉

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石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,河北石家庄 050043

石家庄铁道大学机械工程学院,河北石家庄 050043

轮对轴承 故障诊断 变转速 平均峭度 迭代广义解调

国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研发计划河北省重点研发计划河北省自然科学基金

120320171200222112272243QN2023071N2021J03220310803DA2022210022

2024

10.3969/j.issn.1001-8360.2024.05.005

铁道学报
中国铁道学会

铁道学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.9
ISSN：1001-8360
年,卷(期)：2024.46(5)
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