Non-Terrestrial Network Based Positioning Technologies for Direct-to-Satellite Service
With the rapid evolution of wireless communication technologies,positioning technologies are undergoing a transformation from dedicated navigation satellite systems towards communication system-assisted positioning and even standalone positioning.The International Telecommunication Union's 3GPP,since Release 18,has embarked on researching 5G Non-Terrestrial Network(NTN)po-sitioning technologies,fostering the integration of communication and navigation.Considering the limited visibility of satellites to ter-minals,the primary focus of current 3GPP research lies in single-satellite positioning technology,which suffers from drawbacks such as slow convergence and low accuracy.However,with the emergence of low-Earth orbit mega-constellations,terminals will access to an increasing number of visible satellites in the future,rendering multi-satellite positioning feasible.Compared to single-satellite position-ing,multi-satellite positioning offers advantages such as faster convergence,improved geometric configurations and higher accuracy.This paper delves into the research of positioning technologies for Direct-to-Satellite Service(D2SS)within the 5G NTN framework,proposing various multi-satellite positioning algorithms,analyzing the critical factors influencing positioning performance,and conduct-ing simulation assessments of positioning performance.
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