Correlation and Principal Component Analysis of Major Agronomic Traits of Millet under Different Hor-monal Treatments
For a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of different hormones on the biological and agronomic traits of millet,the most widely planted millet variety in production,Jingu 21 was selected.The plants were sprayed with 8 different hormones at the beginning of the jointing stage and the booting stage,respectively using clear water as a control.The experiment was set with three repetitions.In the field,the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,intercellular concentration,and stomatal conductance of the leaves under different treatments were measured.At maturity,9 main agronomic traits were determined,including plant height,spike length,top leaf length,top leaf width,internode number,sheath stem thickness,root number,and root dry weight.The data were subjected to co-efficient of variation,correlation,and principal component analyses.The results showed that the coefficient of variation among differ-ent traits ranged from 1%to 22%,with root dry weight showing greater variability and potential for trait selection.Top leaf width was positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate and significantly positively correlated with intercellular CO2 concentration.Plant height showed significant positive correlations with spike length and net photosynthetic rate.The first four principal components ac-counted for 94.57%of the cumulative variation,and the total variance and contribution rate of principal components were the main basis for selecting principal components.These traits are related to the photosynthetic activity of millet.Therefore,in the genetic im-provement of millet,it is possible to fully examine the contribution of agronomic traits and photosynthetic performance to yield.During cultivation,exogenous growth hormones can be fully utilized to regulate agronomic traits and enhance photosynthetic efficiency,there-by increasing yield.
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