Effects of Long-term Corn Straw Returning Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer on Quality and Yield of Different Gluten Wheat
In order to study the effects of maize straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer on the quality and yield of wheat with different gluten,the experiment adopted a split plot design with maize straw returning(SR)and maize straw not returning(NSR)as main factors,and five nitrogen application rates of 0,90,180,270,360 kg·hm-2 as side factors.Wheat thousand grain mass,bulk weight,yield,hardness,protein,wet gluten,sedimentation value,water absorption rate,dough formation time,dough stability time,ductility,maximum extension resistance and extension area were measured.The protein and wet gluten contents of wheat were decreased by maize straw returning,and the decrease of medium-gluten wheat Qingnong 2 was greater than that of high-gluten wheat Jinan 17.SR significantly reduced the hardness,sedimentation value,water absorption rate,dough formation time and ductility of Qingnong 2,while significantly improved the hardness,water absorption rate,ductility,maximum extension resistance and extension area of Jinan 17.The content of protein and wet gluten of two wheat varieties increased with the increase of nitrogen application.The settlement value,water absorption rate,dough formation time,dough stability time,ductility,maximum extension resistance and extension area of Qingnong 2 all increased with the increase of nitrogen application,while the water absorption rate,ductility,maximum extension resis-tance and extension area of Jinan 17 were the highest when the nitrogen application was 180 kg·hm-2.The settling value,dough for-mation time and dough stabilization time of Jinan 17 were the highest when he nitrogen application was 270 kg·hm-2.SR significantly increased wheat yield by 15.2％-31.0％compared with NSR,and the wheat yield was the highest when the nitrogen application was 180 kg·hm-2.Therefore,it is recommended that the best planting mode of Qingnong 2 is maize straw returning to field and nitrogen application of 180 kg·hm-2,while the high-quality and high-yield cultivation mode of Jinan 17 is maize straw returning to field and nitrogen application of 180-270 kg·hm-2.
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