极地中深及深冰芯钻探项目进展及对我国的启示
Progress of intermediate-depth and deep ice-core drilling projects in polar regions and its enlightenment for China
李亚洲 1孙友宏 1张楠 2范晓鹏 2李冰 1宫达2
作者信息
- 1. 中国地质大学(北京)工程技术学院,北京 100083;极地地质与海洋矿产教育部重点实验室,北京 100083
- 2. 吉林大学极地科学与工程研究院,吉林 长春 130026
- 折叠
摘要
在极地开展中深及深冰芯钻探项目,对获取古气候信息、揭示冰盖运动规律以及预测未来全球环境变化等方面均具有重要意义.从20世纪60年代开始,世界各国已经在极地完成了26个中深冰芯钻探项目和14个深冰芯钻探项目.目前,仍有Dome A、Beyond EPICA、MYIC、Dome Fuji和Hercules Dome等5个深冰芯钻探项目正在实施中,且俄罗斯正在筹划Dome B的深冰芯钻探项目.目前,我国仅实施过1个中深冰芯钻探项目,而深冰芯钻探项目的深度刚突破800 m.与欧洲、美国、日本和俄罗斯相比,我国在中深和深冰芯钻探技术领域施工经验少,装备自主化程度低,技术水平落后.为此,我国应积极研发具有自主知识产权的深冰芯电动机械钻具,加快实施Dome A深冰芯钻探工程,开展中深冰芯钻探及古老蓝冰钻探项目,突破冰层快速钻探和定向取芯钻探等关键技术,从而促进我国极地冰芯钻探技术的发展,提高在极地冰芯科学领域的影响力.
Abstract
It is of great significance to carry out intermediate-depth and deep ice-core drilling projects in polar regions for obtaining paleoclimate information and predicting future ice sheet evolution.Since the 1960s,countries around the world have completed 26 intermediate-depth ice-core drilling projects and 14 deep ice-core drilling projects in polar regions.At present,there are still five deep ice core drilling projects in progress,which are Dome A,Beyond EPICA,MYIC,Dome Fuji and Hercules Dome.Russia is also planning a deep ice core drilling project at Dome B.At present,China has only implemented one intermediate-depth ice-core drilling project,and the depth of the deep ice-core drilling project has just broken through 800m.Compared with Europe,the United States,Japan,Russia,China has less drilling experience,low degree of equipment independence,and relatively backward technical level in the field of intermediate-depth and deep ice-core drilling technology.Therefore,China should actively develop deep ice-core electromechanical drill with independent intellectual property rights,accelerate the implementation of Dome A deep ice-core drilling project,carry out intermediate-depth ice-core drilling and ancient blue ice drilling projects,break through key technologies such as rapid ice drilling and directional ice-core drilling technology,so as to promote the development of China's polar ice-core drilling technology and improve its influence in the field of polar ice core science.
关键词
极地/冰盖/中深冰芯/深冰芯/钻探项目/钻具Key words
polar regions/ice sheet/intermediate-depth ice-core/deep ice-core/drilling projects/drilling tool引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据