摘要
吐鲁番阿斯塔那古墓群具有极高的历史艺术价值,对于研究古代新疆地区政治、经济、文化,中原文化西渐和西域文化东传以及古高昌地区的信仰风俗提供了重要实物资料.为了解吐鲁番阿斯塔那墓葬出土伏羲女娲绢画的材质、组织结构、污染物和颜料种类,本文以伏羲女娲绢画残片为研究对象,利用傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、超景深显微镜、拉曼光谱仪、XRD对其组织结构、纤维形貌、材质、颜料元素组成及种类进行检测分析.结果表明,伏羲女娲绢画的纺线没有经过加捻处理,组织结构属于平纹组织,文物本体材质为丝蛋白,连接几片丝织品的缝合线为棉线,加Z捻,污染物主要是无机氧化物,白色颜料为石膏,黑色颜料为炭黑,红色颜料为赤铁矿.该研究为后期保护材料和修复手段的选择提供科学依据.
Abstract
Turfan Ancient Tombs in Astana has a high historical and artistic value,which provides impor-tant material materials for the study of ancient Xinjiang politics,economy,culture,the western spread of the Central Plains culture,the eastern culture of the Western Regions and the ancient Gaochang region.In order to understand the Turfan Astana tombs unearthed Fuxi Nuwa(伏羲女娲)figure material,organi-zational structure,pollutants and pigment species,with Fuxi Nuwa figure fragments as the research ob-ject,using Fourier infrared spectrum,scanning electron microscope,ultra field depth microscope,Raman spectrometer,XRD to its tissue structure,fiber morphology,material,pigment element composition and types of detection analysis.The results show that the spinning thread of Fuxi Nuwa silk painting is not twisted,the tissue structure belongs to the plain organization,the material of cultural relics is silk protein,the suture connecting a few silk fabrics is cotton thread,Z twist,the pollutants are mainly inorganic oxide,the white pigment is gypsum,the black pigment is carbon black,and the red pigment is hematite.This study provides a scientific basis for the selection of protective materials and repair means in the later stag-es.
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