The cochlear implanting provides a significant positive effects to the treatment of hearing impair-ment.However,the postoperative speech perception outcomes are variable among patients.Given the importance of assessing patients'speech recovery following surgery,the implementation of an objective and precise evaluation methodology becomes crucial.This review gives a brief introduction to the advantages and limitations of traditional methods of speech assessment following cochlear implantation,and further discusses the principles,advantages,and limitations of functional near-infrared optical brain imaging(fNIRS),as well as its application in patients after co-chlear implantation,in order to offer insights for the assessment and rehabilitation of individuals after cochlear im-planted surgery.