On the Policy Transformation and Dilemma of Beijing Bureau Copper Management in the Early and Middle Qing Dynasty
The period from 1716 to 1730 was the transition period of the copper policy of the Beijing Bureau of the Qing Dynasty.Especially during the Yongzheng period,the State Monetary Bureau gradually shifted from relying on imported copper to actively mining and purchasing Yunnan copper.The Qing Dynasty once relied on the import of Japanese copper,but gradually fell into difficulties under the restriction of the Tokugawa shogunate's trade policy with China,so that there was once a copper shortage in the capital.At the same time,the sharp increase in copper production in Yunnan prompted the Qing Dynasty to rethink the way the Beijing Bureau handled copper.In the end,the government gradually got out of the predicament of being constrained by foreign copper by constantly developing and controlling Yunnan copper and adjusting the strategy of copper management.The change from handling foreign copper to purchasing Yunnan copper was a major transformation of the Qing Dynasty's copper policy,from which the imperial court not only saw the possibility of solving the"copper shortage"problem in the Beijing Bureau,but also saw the hope of stable social development in the Qing Dynasty.
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