摘要
梁式桥是中国交通路网中最普遍的桥型,建立其抗震韧性评估方法是"韧性城市"国家战略顺利实施的必然需求,但其中至关重要的梁式桥各构件震后功能恢复模型尚未建立.震后功能恢复模型表征了结构在遭受地震后使用功能损失-保持-恢复的过程.为填补这一空白,该文第一部分采用专家意见调研的方法,构建了梁式桥主要受力构件(墩柱、主梁、支座、基础、桥台)和次要受力构件(挡块、伸缩缝)的震后功能恢复模型.首先,系统地定义了各构件的多级损伤状态和性能指标;然后,设计了调研问卷,面向全国各地124位桥梁设计、科研、施工、检测、养护、加固领域的专家,征询各构件不同损伤状态下的桥梁震后通行决策、残余通行功能、决策时间、构件修复策略与时间、以及构件修复期间桥梁残余通行功能;最后,通过对调研结果的统计分析,建立了梁式桥各构件的震后功能恢复模型.该文第二部分将利用该模型对我国量大面广的板式支座梁式桥开展抗震韧性评估研究.
Abstract
Girder bridge is the most widespread type of bridges in the transport road network in China.The reliable seismic resilience assessment method for these bridges is a crucial demand for China's national development agenda of Resilient Cities and Countries.However,the functionality recovery models of bridge components,which is vital to the seismic resilience assessment,haven't been established.The post-earthquake functionality recovery models may characterize the loss,maintaining and recovery of the structural functionality against an earthquake.To fill the gap,the first part of this study is devoted to developing the functionality recovery models for bridge components using an expert opinion-based survey approach.First,multi-level damage states of individual components of girder bridges are defined.These concerned components include the primary ones in the bridge support system(including pier,girder,bearing,foundation,and abutment)and the secondary ones(including shear key,and expansion joint).Accordingly,by consulting 124 experts in the fields of design,research,construction,inspection,maintenance and retrofitting in China,comprehensive surveys on the post-earthquake traffic strategy of bridge,residual traffic functionality,decision-making time,component recovery strategy and time,and residual traffic functionality of bridge during the component recovery,are conducted for individual components at individual damage states.Finally,the post-earthquake functionality recovery models for individual components of girder bridges are developed based on statistical analyses.The second part of this study is devoted to these recovery models of assessing the seismic resilience of widespread typical unbonded laminated rubber bearing(ULRB)-supported girder bridges in China.
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