Objective To analyze the improvement effect of Xindili combined with insulin injection on blood glucose level in elderly diabetic patients with esophageal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 110 elderly patients with dia-betes mellitus and esophageal cancer admitted to Fujian Provincial Hospital from February 2023 to April 2024 were retrospectively selected and divided into observation group and control group according to different treatment methods,with 55 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with Sindeli combined with insulin injection,and the control group was treated with Sindeli combined with metformin.The blood glucose level,adverse reactions and clini-cal efficacy were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the levels of fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differ-ences were statistically significant(both P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The implementation of Sindeli combined with insulin injection can improve the blood glucose level of el-derly diabetic patients with esophageal cancer,with low incidence of adverse reactions and high clinical efficacy.