Objective To explore the effect of targeted nursing intervention on patients with leukemia and diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 100 patients with leukemia and diabetes mellitus admitted to Juxian People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the research objects.According to different nursing methods,the patients were divided into control group and study group,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing intervention,and the study group was given targeted nursing intervention.The blood glucose levels,compliance with medical behavior,and quality of life scores were compared between the two groups.Results After nursing,the levels of fasting plasma glucose,2-hour postprandial plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c in the study group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The compliance rates of blood glucose monitoring,regular medication,reasonable diet and appropriate exercise com-pliance in the study group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After nursing,the Karnofsky Functional Status score of the study group was higher than that of the con-trol group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Targeted nursing intervention can achieve better results in patients with leukemia and diabetes,improve patients'compliance behavior,control their blood glucose levels,and improve their quality of life.