Soil and Water Conservation Function of Rhus typhina L.Forest in Iron Tailings
In order to study the effects of Rhus typhina L.on soil physicochemical properties and soil and water conservation function in iron tailings,Rhus typhina forest,brushwood mixed forest and bare land in iron tailings were selected to establish runoff simulation plot and collect soil samples.We analyzed soil physical characteristics (soil porosity and soil bulk density),soil water-holding capacity and runoff and sediment yield in 3 kinds of land use types in iron tailings and compared effects of different forests on improvement of soil properties and soil and water conservation function.The results showed that:(1)Rhus typhina forest showed better effect than brushwood mixed forest on the improvement of soil total porosity and capillary porosity,while brushwood mixed forest showed better effect than bare land in iron tailings.Soil bulk density did not obviously differ among 3 kinds of land use types.(2) The field capacity,soil capillary water-holding capability and saturated water content under Rhus typhina forest were 46％,35％ and 27％ higher than those in bare iron tailings land,respectively,while 41％,25％ and 0.3％ higher than those under brushwood mixed forest,respectively.Rhus typhina forest had a better effect on improvement of soil physical properties than brushwood mixed forest.(3)In 3 kinds of land use types,soil initial infiltration rate listed as follows:Rhus typhina forest (12.73 mm/min) ＞ brushwood mixed forest (11.45 mm/min) ＞ bare land (9.66 mm/min),while the stable infiltration rate listed as follows:Bare land(8.49 mm/min)＞Rhus typhina forest(7.88 mm/min) ＞brushwood mixed forest(7.62 mm/min).The results indicated that Rhus typhina forest showed the best effect on the improvement of soil water storage capacity.(4)Although the frequency and volume of surface runoff were at the highest level in Rhus typhina forest (frequency:14 times;runoff volume:68 403.5 t/km2),the sediment yield of runoff and the amount of soil erosion in Rhus typhina forest were only 3％ and 2％ of those in bare land,respectively.The sediment yield of runoff,soil erosion amount and runoff volume in brushwood mixed forest were 1.55,1.35,1.32 times of those in Rhus typhina forest,respectively.
iron tailingsRhus typhinasoil physicochemical propertiessoil infiltrationrunoff volume
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
