This study was carried out based on long-term field experiment of red soil under double maize system in Jiangxi province,which included no fertilizer (CK),nitrogen fertilizer (N),phosphorus fertilizer (P),nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (NP),nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (NPK),double amounts of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (HNPK),nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium fertilizers and organic fertilizers (NPKOM).Then,the soil total or available nitrogen and phosphorus contents,nutrient activation rate of different treatments were analyzed from 1986 to 2013,and the relationships between soil organic carbon and nutrient activation rate were discussed.The results showed that:There was variation in promotion of soil nitrogen and phosphorus activation among different treatments.Among 27 years,nitrogen fertilization could increase nitrogen activation rate by 60.25％ to 105.35％,and it was showed that NPK treatment was better than HNPK and NPKOM;phosphorus fertilization could improve phosphorus activation rate by 2.29 to 15.40 times,and it indicated that NPKOM showed more significant effect than HNPK and P treatments.Meanwhile,soil available nitrogen and phosphorus increments of NPKOM were higher than those of other treatments in 27 years.Fertilization could improve nitrogen and phosphorus activation rates because that they could increase soil available nitrogen and phosphorus contents.Compared with the initial values in soil,soil available nitrogen and phosphorus contents of NPKOM treatment were increased by 1.31 times and 38.39 times after 27-year fertilization,but soil total nitrogen and phosphorus contents were increased by 25.02％ and 145.16％,respectively,which were lower than the increase extents of available nutrients.Therefore,soil nitrogen and phosphorus activation rates were improved by 85.14％ and 15.40 times,respectively.The increments of soil available phosphorus and phosphorus activation rates were significantly higher than that of soil nitrogen activation rate.There was a linear relationship between soil organic carbon content and phosphorus activation rate (R2 =0.261 4,P＜0.05),but no correlation existed between soil organic carbon content and nitrogen activation rate.It was found that soil phosphorus activation rate could increase by 0.943％,when soil organic carbon content was improved by 1 g/kg.Therefore,in double maize system of red soil area,long-term application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could promote soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents and activation rates,and soil phosphorus activation rate was significantly higher than that of nitrogen,but the significant increase in soil available phosphorus might lead to environmental risk.
red soilsoil nutrient activationlong-term experimentdouble maize system
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据
