Comparative Analysis of the Features of Runoff and Sediment Yield on the Different Soil Slopes
Through carrying out artificial simulated rainfall experiments,we comparatively studied the regularities of the runoff and sediment yield on slopes of different gradients (5°,10°,20°) and different soil textures (clay soil,sandy soil),and then established soil erosion model.The results showed that:(1) Clay soil slope and sandy soil slope had the similar regularity of runoff yield.The runoff rate gradually increased and then tended to be stable,with the increase of runoff yielding time,under the same rainfall condition.At the same time,with the increase of slope gradient,clay soil slope and sandy soil slope runoff rate gradually decreased,but the runoff rate reached the stable level earlier on clay soil slope than on sandy soil slope.(2) Clay soil slope and sand soil slope had the similar regularity of sediment yield.Sediment yield rates of clay soil slope and sandy soil slope both increased first and then decreased with the increasing runoff time.But the sediment yield of sandy soil slope was greater than that of clay soil slope,and when the slope gradient was 5°,the difference reached the maximum.(3) With the increase of slope gradient,the changes of the total sediment yield was greater than those of the total runoff yield for clay soil slope and sandy soil slope,indicating that slope gradient had greater effect on sediment yield than on runoff yield.(4) The regression equation of the amount of soil erosion,with slope gradient and runoff yielding time,under experimental conditions,was concluded based on statistic analysis.And according to the regression equation,we could work out the sediment yield reduction capacity equation for clay soil slope relative to sandy soil slope,under experimental conditions.
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