首页|不同厚度降解地膜对坡耕地溶解态氮磷流失的影响

不同厚度降解地膜对坡耕地溶解态氮磷流失的影响

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[目的]为探究降解地膜覆盖对径流及溶解态氮磷流失的影响.[方法]利用野外原位径流小区,以覆膜垄作花生种植为研究对象,设置0.003 mm厚聚乙烯普通地膜覆盖处理(PF)和厚度为0.006 mm(BF1),0.008 mm(BF2),0.010 mm(BF3),0.012 mm(BF4)的降解地膜覆盖处理及未覆膜处理(CK),测定不同处理在自然降雨条件下的径流量及径流中铵态氮(NH4+—N)、硝态氮(NO3-—N)、速效磷(PO43-—P)浓度,分析不同厚度降解地膜覆盖条件下径流及养分流失特征.[结果](1)降解地膜降解所需时间随地膜厚度的增加而增加.(2)各处理的累积径流量由小到大为BF1＜BF2＜BF3＜PF＜CK＜BF4,BF1与BF4之间差异显著(p＜0.05).(3)与CK相比,各覆膜处理均能不同程度减少氮磷累积流失量.其中,BF1处理对NH4+-N和NO3-—N流失量的削减效果较好,而BF2处理对PO43-—P流失量的削减效果较好.(4)在5个覆膜处理中,BF4处理的NO3—N和PO43—P流失量最高,而BF3处理的NH4+—N流失量最高.[结论]研究结果可为防治覆膜坡耕地水土及养分流失、解决农业面源污染等问题提供理论基础,对绿色农业发展和生态可持续发展具有重要意义.
Effects of Different Thickness of Degradable Plastic Film on the Loss of Dissolved Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Sloping Farmland
[Objective]To explore the effects of degradable mulch film mulching on runoff and loss of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus.[Methods]Polyethylene film mulching(PF)with a thickness of 0.003 mm,degradable film mulching with a thickness of 0.006 mm(BF1),0.008 mm(BF2),0.010 mm(BF3)and 0.012 mm(BF4),and no mulch(CK)were set up.In in-situ runoff plots,using mulching on ridge tillage peanut planting as the study object,the runoff and concentration of ammonium nitrogen(NH4—N),nitrate nitrogen(NO3-—N),and available phosphorus(PO43-—P)in runoff under natural rainfall conditions were measured,and the runoff and nutrient loss characteristics under different thickness of degradable mulch film were analyzed.[Results](1)The degradation time of degradable film increased with the increase of film thickness.(2)The order of cumulative runoff was BF1＜BF2＜BF3＜PF＜CK＜BF4,and there was significant difference between BF1 and BF4(p＜0.05).(3)Compared with CK,different film mulching can reduce the cumulative loss of nitrogen and phosphorus to varying degrees.BF1 had the most significant effect on reducing the loss of NH4+—N and NO3-—N,while BF2 had the most significant effect on reducing the loss of PO43-—P.(4)Among the five laminating treatments,the NO3-—N and PO43-—P loss in BF4 treatment was the highest,while the NH4+-N loss in BF3 treatment was the highest.[Conclusion]The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of water,soil,and nutrient loss in sloping farmland mulching with plastic film and solving the problems of agricultural non-point source pollution,and have important significance for green agricultural development and ecological sustainable development.

thickness of degradation filmnatural rainfallrunoffloss of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus

王凯丽、张含玉、方怒放、刘前进、李靖江

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中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,陕西杨凌 712100

中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌 712100

中国科学院大学,北京 100049

山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室,临沂大学资源环境学院,山东临沂 276005

西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌 712100

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降解地膜厚度 自然降雨 径流 溶解态氮磷流失

国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金山东省自然科学基金山东省高等学校青年创新团队项目山东省高等学校青年创新团队项目

417013114237732942077061ZR2023MD0812022KJ115LUJIAORENZI20199

2024

10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.02.010

水土保持学报
中国土壤学会　中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所

水土保持学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.226
ISSN：1009-2242
年,卷(期)：2024.38(2)
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