[目的]为探讨喀斯特地区林下社会活动中人为踩踏影响下路径土壤的空间变异性。[方法]以喀斯特森林小径区域为研究对象，在月尺度范围内定点定期采样，运用地统计学对在干旱和降水条件下0-20 cm 土层土壤特性时空变异特征及其分布格局进行分析。[结果]人为踩踏能通过加深土壤固结程度和土壤颗粒聚合能力，改变土壤表层(0-15 cm)下垫面结构;喀斯特森林小径土壤含水量空间分布呈中等变异特征，小径中央土壤含水量降水条件下是干旱条件下的1。12倍，其小径中央(32。68％)＞小径边缘(28。46％)＞森林内部(26。99％)，土壤紧实度与土壤抗剪切强度均呈现小径中央＞小径边缘＞森林内部;受人为踩踏影响植被覆盖率减少，土壤含水量伴随降雨的响应时间增加，随机因素对土壤表层含水量相对增大，但总体处于强空间自相关性(＜25％);随着气象条件改变，森林小径表层土壤水分的块金值和基台值均与平均土壤含水量呈负相关;土壤含水量的空间分布拟合在干旱、降水条件下的变程R分别为30。89，39。49 m，效果最优是高斯模型(R2＞0。97);Kriging等值线图表明森林小径土壤水分呈明显斑块状分布，降水条件下土壤含水量空间连续性较好且分布变化稳定。[结论]研究结果对于在喀斯特地区实施林地生态恢复策略及制定更为精准的土壤采样密度方案具有实质性的指导意义。
Differences in Soil Properties and Spatial Variability of Water in the Understory Path of Karst Masson's Pine
[Objective]To investigate the spatial variability of trail soils under the influence of anthropogenic trampling in the understory social activities in karst areas.[Methods]To investigate the spatial and temporal variability of soil properties in the 0-20 cm soil layer under drought and precipitation conditions,we took the karst forest trail area as the research object,regularly sampled the soil at a fixed piont on a monthly scale.Geostatistical analyses were performed to assess the spatial and temporal variability of soil properties and their distribution patterns under both drought and precipitation conditions.[Results]Anthropogenic trampling can alter the structure of the soil surface(0-15 cm)and subsurface by increasing soil consolidation and the aggregation capacity of soil particles.The spatial distribution of soil water content in karst forests trails showed moderate variability,with higher values observed in the center of the trails(32.68％)compared to the trail edges(28.46％)and the forest interior(26.99％).Soil compactness and shear strength followed a similar pattern,being highest at the center of the trail,followed by the trail edge,and lowest in the forest interior.Vegetation cover was weakened by anthropogenic trampling,resulting in an increased response time of soil water content to rainfall events.Stochastic factors had a relatively greater influence on soil surface water content but overall showed strong spatial autocorrelation(＜25％).Under changing meteorological conditions,both nugget and sill values for soil moisture in the surface layer of forest trails were negatively correlated with mean soil moisture content.The spatial distribution of soil moisture was modeled using range R under drought and precipitation conditions as 30.89 and 39.49 m respectively,with Gaussian model showing optimal fit(R2＞0.97).Kriging contour plots revealed patchy distribution patterns for soil moisture along forest trails,which exhibited better spatial continuity under precipitation conditions.[Conclusion]Substantial guidance for the implementation of woodland ecological restoration strategies and the development of more accurate soil sampling density programmers in karst areas.
Karst mountainssoil water contentspatial and temporal variabilityforest soilanthropogenic trampling
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