[目的]研究微咸水灌溉对土壤水盐特性和作物生长的影响,有助于指导微咸水的安全利用.[方法]在遮雨条件下开展冬小麦盆栽试验,以去离子水作为对照(CK),设置电导率为4 dS/m,钠钾比为1∶0(T1),1∶1(T2),0∶1(T3)的3种微咸水水质处理,研究土壤水盐特性,冬小麦光合生理、生长发育和产量形成.[结果]与CK相比,T1、T2、T3微咸水灌溉下0-40 cm 土层土壤含水率分别增加19％,8％,14％(p＜0.05),土壤EC1∶5(土水比1∶5浸提液电导率)和Na+、K+浓度随着冬小麦生育期持续增加,T1、T2、T3处理0-40 cm 土层土壤盐分分别增加252％,223％,234％(p＜0.05),且盐分大部分积累在10-20 cm 土层.与CK相比,T1处理的冬小麦净光合速率显著降低16％(p＜0.05),而T2、T3处理与CK相比无显著性差异(p＞0.05).T2处理提升冬小麦的株高、单株叶面积和地上部干物质量,与CK相比产量增加8.41％(p＜0.05);而各处理地下部干物质量之间没有显著差异(p＞0.05).[结论]利用4 dS/m微咸水灌溉改变土壤原有水盐特性,使盐分积累在土壤中,短期内对冬小麦生长有一定促进作用.在本研究中,使用钠钾比为1∶1的微咸水对冬小麦生长和产量提升效果更好.研究结果可为微咸水可持续利用提供理论依据.
Effects of Brackish Water with Different Sodium-Potassium Ratios on Soil Water-Salt Characteristics and Winter Wheat Growth
[Objective]To study the effects of brackish water irrigation on soil water and salt characteristics and crop growth is helpful to guide the safe utilization of brackish water.[Methods]A pot experiment of winter wheat was carried out under the condition of rain-shielding.Deionized water was used as the control(CK).Three kinds of brackish water treatments with conductivity of 4 dS/m and different sodium-potassium ratios were set up,including sodium-potassium ratio of 1∶0(T1),sodium-potassium ratio of 1∶1(T2),sodium-potassium ratio of 0∶1(T3).The water-salt characteristics of the soil,the photosynthetic physiology,growth and development as well as yield formation of winter wheat were studied.[Results]Compared with CK,the 0-40 cm soil moisture content under T1,T2 and T3 brackish water irrigation increased by 19％,8％and 14％(p＜0.05),respectively.Soil EC1∶5(soil water ratio 1∶5 extract conductivity)and Na+and K+concentrations continued to increase with the growth period of winter wheat.The 0-40 cm soil salinity of T1,T2 and T3 treatments increased by 252％,223％and 234％(p＜0.05),respectively,and most of the salt accumulated in the 10-20 cm soil layer.The net photosynthetic rate of winter wheat was significantly reduced(by 16％,p＜0.05)in the T1 treatment compared to CK,while there was no significant differences(p＞0.05)between the T2 and T3 treatments and CK.The T2 treatment enhanced plant height,leaf area per plant and aboveground dry matter mass of winter wheat,and increased the yield by 8.41％(p＜0.05)compared to CK;while there was no significant difference in underground dry matter mass among treatments(p＞0.05).[Conclusion]In summary,irrigation using 4 dS/m brackish water changed the original water-salt characteristics of the soil,caused salts to accumulate in the soil and promoted winter wheat growth in the short term.In this study,the use of brackish water with a sodium-potassium ratio of 1∶1 had a better effect on winter wheat growth and yield enhancement.The results can provide a theoretical basis for sustainable utilization of brackish water.
brackish watersodium-potassium ratiowinter wheatwater and salt distributionphotosyn-thetic characteristics
万方数据
维普
